Lubricating oil compositions
View Patent ↗Disclosed is a lubricating oil composition which comprises: (a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. in a range of about 2 to about 50 mm 2 /s, (b) an overbased metal salt of an alkyl-substituted phenate detergent, wherein the alkyl group is derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms per molecule and having an isomerization level (I) of the normal alpha olefin of from about 0.1 to about 0.4 in an amount to provide at least 1000 ppm of calcium, (c) one or more magnesium-containing detergents having about 100 to about 1000 ppm of magnesium, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, and (d) one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds derived from a primary alcohol.
1 . A lubricating oil composition comprising:
(a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity
(b) an overbased metal salt of an alkyl-substituted phenate detergent, wherein the alkyl group is derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms per molecule and having an isomerization level (I) of the normal alpha olefin of from about 0.1 to about 0.4 in an amount to provide at least 1000 ppm of calcium,
(c) one or more magnesium-containing detergents having about 100 to about 1000 ppm of magnesium, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition;
(d) one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds, wherein at least one zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate is derived from a primary alcohol; and
(e) one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds derived from a secondary alcohol,
wherein the molar ratio of the primary alcohol of the one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds derived from a primary alcohol to the secondary alcohol of the one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds derived from a secondary alcohol is from 80:20 to 20:80.
2 . The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , wherein the major amount of the oil of lubricating viscosity is greater than 50 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
3 . The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , wherein the alkyl group of the alkyl-substituted phenate detergent is derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 14 to about 30.
4 . The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , wherein the alkyl group of the alkyl-substituted phenate detergent is derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 20 to about 28.
5 . The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , wherein the isomerized normal alpha olefin of the alkyl-substituted phenate detergent has an isomerization level (I) of from about 0.10 to about 0.30.
6 . The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , wherein the overbased metal salt of an alkyl-substituted phenate detergent has a total base number (TBN) of from about 100 to about 600 mg KOH/gram on an oil free basis.
7 . The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , wherein the overbased metal salt of an alkyl-substituted phenate detergent is an overbased calcium salt of an alkyl-substituted phenate detergent.
8 . The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more magnesium-containing detergents are one or more of a magnesium sulfonate, magnesium phenate, and a magnesium salicylate.
9 . The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more magnesium-containing detergents are one or more overbased magnesium-containing detergents.
10 . The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , further comprising one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds derived from a secondary alcohol, wherein the molar ratio of the primary alcohol of the one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds derived from a primary alcohol to the secondary alcohol of the one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds derived from a secondary alcohol is from about 80:20 to about 20:80.
11 . The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , comprising from about 10 ppm to about 5000 of metal derived from the overbased metal salt of the alkyl-substituted phenate detergent, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition and about 0.01 wt. % to about 0.12 wt. % of phosphorus derived from the one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
12 . The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 , further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, rust inhibitors, dehazing agents, demulsifying agents, metal deactivating agents, friction modifiers, pour point depressants, antifoaming agents, co-solvents, corrosion-inhibitors, ashless dispersants, multifunctional agents, dyes, extreme pressure agents and mixtures thereof.
13 . A method comprising the step of operating an internal combustion engine with a lubricating oil composition comprising
(a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity
(b) an overbased metal salt of an alkyl-substituted phenate detergent, wherein the alkyl group is derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms per molecule and having an isomerization level (I) of the normal alpha olefin of from about 0.1 to about 0.4,
(c) one or more magnesium-containing detergents having about 100 to about 2000 ppm of magnesium, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition;
(d) one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds, wherein at least one zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate is derived from a primary alcohol; and
(e) one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds derived from a secondary alcohol,
wherein the molar ratio of the primary alcohol of the one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds derived from a primary alcohol to the secondary alcohol of the one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds derived from a secondary alcohol is from 80:20 to 20:80.
14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the alkyl group of the alkyl-substituted phenate detergent is derived from an isomerized normal alpha olefin having from about 20 to about 28 and an isomerization level (I) of from about 0.10 to about 0.30.
15 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the overbased metal salt of an alkyl-substituted phenate detergent has a TBN of from about 100 to about 600 mg KOH/gram on an oil free basis.
16 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the one or more magnesium-containing detergents are one or more of a magnesium sulfonate, magnesium phenate, and a magnesium salicylate.
17 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the lubricating oil composition further comprises one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds derived from a secondary alcohol, wherein the molar ratio of the primary alcohol of the one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds derived from a primary alcohol to the secondary alcohol of the one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds derived from a secondary alcohol is from about 80:20 to about 20:80.
18 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the lubricating oil composition comprises from about 10 ppm to about 5000 of metal derived from the overbased metal salt of the alkyl-substituted phenate detergent, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition and about 0.01 wt. % to about 0.12 wt. % of phosphorus derived from the one or more zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compounds, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
19 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the lubricating oil composition further comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, rust inhibitors, dehazing agents, demulsifying agents, metal deactivating agents, friction modifiers, pour point depressants, antifoaming agents, co-solvents, corrosion-inhibitors, ashless dispersants, multifunctional agents, dyes, extreme pressure agents and mixtures thereof.
20 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the internal combustion engine is a compression ignition engine.