Electrochemical and capacitative energy storage device and method of manufacture
Devices which internally control and regulate voltage of a super-capacitor cell or stack thereof during charge-discharge cycles, methods for controlling and regulating voltage of a super-capacitor cell or stack thereof with these devices and methods for production of the devices are provided.
1. A device which internally controls and regulates voltage of a super-capacitor cell or stack thereof during charge-discharge cycles, said device comprising:
a super-capacitor cell or stack thereof, said super-capacitor cell comprising a top current collector, a top super-capacitor electrode, a super-capacitor electrolyte membrane, a bottom super-capacitor electrode and a bottom current collector; and
an energy source internally connected to the super-capacitor cell or stack thereof,
wherein an air gap or insulating material separate the super-capacitor cell or stack thereof from the energy source, or
wherein the top super-capacitor electrode, the super-capacitor electrolyte membrane, and the bottom super-capacitor electrode of the super-capacitor cell or stack thereof are embedded within the energy source between the top current collector and the bottom current collector of said super-capacitor cell or stack thereof.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein the super-capacitor cell or stack thereof and the energy source are connected in parallel between the top current collector and the bottom current collector of said super-capacitor cell or stack thereof.
3. The device of claim 1 wherein the energy source is a battery, a fuel cell or a solar cell or any combination thereof.
4. The device of claim 1 which is manufactured by a coating method.
5. A method for internal voltage regulation and balancing of a super-capacitor cell or stack thereof, said method comprising internally connecting components of a super-capacitor cell, said components comprising a top current collector, a top super-capacitor electrode, a super-capacitor electrolyte membrane, a bottom super-capacitor electrode and a bottom current collector or a super-capacitor stack thereof with an energy source,
wherein an air gap or insulating material separate the super-capacitor cell or stack from the energy source, or
wherein the top super-capacitor electrode, the super-capacitor electrolyte membrane, and the bottom super-capacitor electrode of the super-capacitor cell or stack thereof are embedded within the energy source between the top current collector and the bottom current collector of said super-capacitor cell or stack thereof.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the super-capacitor cell or stack thereof and the energy source are connected in parallel.
7. The method of claim 5 wherein the energy source is a battery, a fuel cell or a solar cell or any combination thereof.
8. The method of claim 5 wherein the components of the super-capacitor cell or stack are internally connected with energy source by a coating method.
9. A method for manufacturing a device which controls and regulates internally voltage of a super-capacitor cell or stack thereof during charge-discharge cycles, said method comprising coating components of the super-capacitor cell or stack thereof in connection internally with components of an energy source,
wherein an air gap or insulating material separate the super-capacitor cell or stack from the energy source, or
wherein the top super-capacitor electrode, the super-capacitor electrolyte membrane, and the bottom super-capacitor electrode of the super-capacitor cell or stack thereof are embedded within the energy source between the top current collector and the bottom current collector of said super-capacitor cell or stack thereof.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the super-capacitor cell or stack thereof are coated parallel with the energy source.
11. The method of claim 9 wherein the energy source is a battery, a fuel cell or a solar cell or any combination thereof.