Tempered and coated steel sheet having excellent formability and a method of manufacturing the same
A tempered and coated steel sheet having a composition containing the following elements, expressed in percentage by weight: 0.17%≤carbon≤0.25%, 1.8%≤manganese≤2.3%, 0.5%≤silicon≤2.0%, 0.03%≤aluminum≤1.2%, sulphur≤0.03%, phosphorus≤0.03%, the remainder composition being composed of iron and unavoidable impurities caused by processing, the microstructure of said steel sheet containing in area fraction, 3 to 20% residual austenite, at least 15% of ferrite, 40 to 85% tempered bainite and a minimum of 5% of tempered martensite, wherein cumulated amounts of tempered martensite and residual austenite is between 10 and 30%. The composition may also contain one or more of the following elements chromium≤0.4%, molybdenum≤0.3%, niobium≤0.04%, titanium≤0.1%. Methods of manufacturing and use of the tempered and coated steel sheets are also described.
1. A tempered and coated steel sheet having a composition comprising the following elements, expressed in percentage by weight:
0.17%≤carbon≤0.25%,
1.8%≤manganese≤2.3%,
0.5%≤silicon≤2.0%,
0.03%≤aluminum≤1.2%,
sulphur≤ 0.03%,
phosphorus≤ 0.03%,
a remainder of the composition being composed of iron and unavoidable impurities caused by processing,
the microstructure of said steel sheet comprising in area fraction, 3 to 20% residual austenite, at least 15% of ferrite, 40 to 85% tempered bainite and a minimum of 5% of tempered martensite, wherein cumulated amounts of tempered martensite and residual austenite is between 10 and 30%;
wherein said steel sheet has a total elongation above 17%.
2. A tempered and coated steel according to claim 1 , wherein the composition includes 0.6% to 1.8% by weight of silicon.
3. A tempered and coated steel according to claim 1 , wherein the composition includes 0.03% to 0.6% by weight of aluminium.
4. A tempered and coated steel according to claim 1 , wherein the cumulated amounts of tempered martensite and residual austenite is between 10% and 25% by area fraction.
5. A tempered and coated steel according to claim 1 , wherein, the cumulated amounts of tempered martensite and residual austenite is more than or equal to 15% to 30% by area fraction and the percentage of tempered martensite is higher than 10% by area fraction.
6. A tempered and coated steel according claim 1 , wherein the carbon content of residual austenite is between 0.9 to 1.1%.
7. A tempered and coated steel according to claim 1 , wherein said steel sheet has a ultimate tensile strength above 900 MPa, a hole elongation ratio above 18%.
8. A tempered and coated steel sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises one or more of the following elements, expressed in percentage by weight:
chromium≤0.4%,
molybdenum≤0.3%,
niobium≤0.04%,
titanium≤0.1%.
9. A tempered and coated steel according to claim 1 , wherein the microstructure of said steel sheet includes a minimum of 11% of the tempered martensite by area fraction.
10. A tempered and coated steel according to claim 1 , wherein the microstructure of said steel sheet includes 8% to 20% of the residual austenite by area fraction.
11. A tempered and coated steel according to claim 1 , wherein the residual austenite has a carbon percentage of 0.9 to 1.1%.
12. A tempered and coated steel according to claim 1 , wherein the microstructure of said steel sheet includes in area fraction a minimum of 11% of the tempered martensite and includes 8% to 19% of the residual austenite, wherein cumulated amounts of tempered martensite and residual austenite is between 19 and 30% and wherein the cumulated amounts of the ferrite, the residual austenite, the tempered martensite and the tempered bainite is 100%.
13. A tempered and coated steel according to claim 1 , wherein the cumulated amounts of the ferrite, the residual austenite, the tempered martensite and the tempered bainite is 100% by area fraction.
14. A structural or safety part of a vehicle comprising the steel sheet according to claim 1 .
15. A vehicle comprising the structural or safety part according to claim 14 .
16. A tempered and coated steel according to claim 7 , wherein said steel sheet has a ultimate tensile strength of 1000 MPa to 1100 MPa and a hole expansion ratio above 20%.