Heat pump for automobile
A heat pump for a vehicle is provided in which the heat pump includes a compressor, an inner heat exchanger, an outer heat exchanger, a first expansion unit, a second expansion unit, an evaporator, an accumulator, a third heat exchanger, a first directional control valve, a second directional control valve, and a dehumidification line, and performs cooling, heating, defrosting, and dehumidifying operations according to the flow of a refrigerant.
1. A heat pump for a vehicle, comprising:
a compressor configured to compress and discharge a refrigerant;
an inner heat exchanger configured to allow a heat exchange between the refrigerant and air in an interior of the vehicle;
an outer heat exchanger configured to allow a heat exchange between the refrigerant and open air;
a first directional control valve configured to be a 3-way valve and selectively supply the refrigerant discharged from the compressor either to the inner heat exchanger or toward the outer heat exchanger without going through the inner heat exchanger according to air conditioning modes of the vehicle;
a first expansion means disposed on a refrigerant line between the inner heat exchanger and the outer heat exchanger and provided to allow expansion of the refrigerant;
a second expansion means disposed on the refrigerant line and provided to allow expansion of the refrigerant that has passed through the outer heat exchanger;
an evaporator provided at a rear end of the second expansion means;
an accumulator configured to introduce a gas-phase refrigerant, which is selected from liquid-phase and gas-phase refrigerants in the refrigerant line, into the compressor;
a third heat exchanger provided to exchange heat with a waste heat collection part on the refrigerant line formed to allow the refrigerant to flow into the accumulator without passing through the evaporator; and
a second directional control valve configured to be a 3-way valve and selectively supply the refrigerant which has passed through the outer heat exchanger either to the second expansion means or toward the third heat exchanger without going through the second expansion means,
wherein the air conditioning modes of the vehicle include a cooling operation mode, a heating operation mode, a first defrosting operation mode and a second defrosting operation mode according to operations of the first and second directional control valves,
wherein in the cooling operation mode, the first and second directional control valves are operated to cause the refrigerant to pass through the compressor. the first expansion means, the outer heat exchanger, the second expansion means, the evaporator, and the accumulator in this order,
wherein in the heating operation mode, the first and second directional control valves are operated to cause the refrigerant to pass through the compressor, the inner heat exchanger, the first expansion means, the outer heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger, the accumulator, and the compressor in this order,
wherein in the first defrosting operation mode, the first and second directional control valves are operated to cause the refrigerant to pass through the compressor, the first expansion means, the outer heat exchanger, the second expansion means, the evaporator, the accumulator, and the compressor in this order,
wherein in the second defrosting operation mode, the first and second directional control valves are operated to cause the refrigerant to pass through the compressor, the inner heat exchanger, the first expansion means, the outer heat exchanger, the second expansion means, the evaporator, the accumulator, and the compressor in this order,
wherein a phase change material (PCM) is detachably connected or integrally formed with the inner heat exchanger such that the PCM is configured to store heat generated from the inner heat exchanger on the refrigerant line when the vehicle is operated in the heating operation mode, and such that when the outer heat exchanger is frosted, the PCM is further configured to release the stored heat in the first defrosting operation mode in which the refrigerant is discharged toward the outer heat exchanger without passing through the inner heat exchanger to defrost the outer heat exchanger,
wherein the heat pump is used in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
2. The heat pump according to claim 1 , wherein the third heat exchanger is coupled parallel to the evaporator on the refrigerant line between the second directional control valve and the accumulator.
3. The heat pump according to claim 2 , wherein the waste heat collection part includes an electronic component waste heat collection part and a cabin room waste heat collection part.
4. The heat pump according to claim 1 , wherein the first expansion means is an electromagnetic expansion means that is formed to selectively allow full opening of the refrigerant line.
5. The heat pump according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a dehumidification line configured to directly supply the refrigerant to a rear end of the second expansion means at a rear end of the first expansion means, and
an ON-OFF valve configured to open/close the dehumidification line.