Transient heat absorption and delayed dissipation by high heat capacity material
There is described an apparatus for storing heat. The apparatus comprises a thermal mass for storing heat, the thermal mass having a first surface and a second surface. Fins are provided on the first surface and the second surface for accelerating heat transfer to and from the thermal mass. A displacement mechanism is secured to the thermal mass for translating the first surface to a first environment, e.g., a duct, while removing the second surface and its fins from a second environment, e.g., outside, and for translating the second surface to the second environment while removing the first surface and its fins from the first environment.
1. An apparatus for storing heat, the apparatus operating in a first environment and second environment, the apparatus comprising:
a thermal mass for storing heat, the thermal mass having a first surface and a second surface;
fins provided on the first surface and the second surface for accelerating heat transfer to and from the thermal mass, providing additional contact surface to the thermal mass for the heat transfer; and
a displacement mechanism secured to the thermal mass, the displacement mechanism comprising an actuator which is electrically actuated or hydraulically actuated, wherein the actuator is controllable for:
translating the first surface to the first environment, said translating the first surface comprising removing the second surface and the fins of the second surface from the second environment, and
translating the second surface to the second environment, said translating the second surface comprising removing the first surface and the fins of the first surface from the first environment.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the thermal mass is a bulk solid material having the heat capacity greater than 2 kJ/kg·K.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the thermal mass comprises an enclosure with a fluid therein.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the fluid is water.
5. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the fluid is a mixture of water and glycol.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a seal provided around the thermal mass for sealing the first environment and the second environment around the thermal mass.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the first environment is a duct, and the second environment is outdoors.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the displacement mechanism comprises hydraulic cylinders secured to the thermal mass and to a fixed support.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the displacement mechanism comprises solenoid actuators secured to the thermal mass and to a fixed support.
10. A method for transferring heat in a duct comprising:
providing, in the duct, a thermal mass having a heat capacity greater than 2 kJ/kg·K to absorb heat from an air stream of the duct, or release heat to the air stream of the duct, wherein the thermal mass has fins on a first surface and a second surface, wherein transferring the heat comprises exposing fins of only the first surface to the air stream, the fins of the first surface extending on a direction parallel to a direction of the air stream in the duct to form a channel for the air stream;
displacing the thermal mass out of the duct by actuating, electrically or hydraulically, a displacement mechanism which is secured to the thermal mass, the actuating being controllable to perform a translation of the thermal mass to which the displacement mechanism is secured to expose the thermal mass to outdoors, comprising exposing fins of only the second surface to the outdoors, to absorb heat from the outdoors, or release heat thereto, the displacing the thermal mass out of the duct comprising displacing the second surface with the fins; and
providing a seal around the thermal mass to seal the duct from the outdoors around the thermal mass.