Hybrid fossil fuel-electric multi-function heat pump
A multi-function heating and cooling device, comprising components for an ambient air-coupled sorption heat pump cycle and vapor compression cooling cycle integrated together inside a single enclosure is proposed. The sorption heat pump portion is configured to provide very high heating efficiency, while the vapor compression portion is configured to provide high cooling efficiency. The evaporator coil for the sorption cycle and the condenser coil for the vapor compression cycle are configured to share a common ambient-air fan, saving space and cost. By combining the two heating-cooling systems into a single enclosure with shared components, the total installed cost and outdoor space required is reduced compared to installing separate heating and cooling systems.
1. A heating and cooling system for a building having a hybrid fossil fuel-electric multifunction heat pump comprising:
a thermally activated sorption heat pump system for space and/or water heating comprising at least a desorber, condenser, evaporator and absorber,
an electric-powered vapor compression heat pump system comprising at least a compressor, condenser and evaporator, and
an air-moving device that causes outdoor ambient air to flow in series over both the evaporator of the sorption heat pump system and condenser of the vapor compression heat pump system
wherein the sorption system and the vapor compression heat pump system are configured to operate in a simultaneous mode and an alternate mode, and
the air-moving device causes outdoor ambient air to flow through the evaporator of the sorption heat pump system, then flow through the condenser of the vapor compression heat pump system, then flow back to the outdoor ambient air,
the outdoor ambient air transfers heat to the evaporator of the sorption heat pump system when operating in a heating mode, the condenser of the vapor compression heat pump system transfers heat to the outdoor ambient air when operating in a cooling mode, and the evaporator of the sorption heat pump system cools the outdoor ambient air before the outdoor air is heated by the condenser of the vapor compression heat pump when operating in a simultaneous mode.
2. The heating and cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the evaporator of the sorption heat pump system and the condenser of the vapor compression heat pump system are nested with each other.
3. The heating and cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the evaporator of the sorption heat pump system and the condenser of the vapor compression heat pump system are integrated with each other.
4. The heating and cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the hybrid fossil fuel-electric multifunction heat pump connects to heating and cooling unit(s) located inside the building via a hydronic loop system that conveys a heat transfer fluid between the hybrid fossil fuel-electric multifunction heat pump and the heating and cooling unit(s) located inside the building, the hydronic loop system having at least a hydronically-coupled first loop that conveys the heat transfer fluid though (1) a line comprising the absorber and the condenser of the sorption heat pump system when in heating mode and (2) the evaporator of the vapor compression heat pump system when in cooling mode.
5. The heating and cooling system of claim 4 , wherein the evaporator of the vapor compression heat pump system is positioned in a line that by-passes the sorption heat system.
6. The heating and cooling system of claim 4 , wherein, the hydronically-coupled first loop further conveys the heat transfer fluid though a condensing heat exchanger of the sorption heat pump system when in heating mode.
7. The heating and cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the hybrid fossil fuel-electric multifunction heat pump connects to heating and cooling unit(s) located inside the building via a hydronic loop system that conveys a heat transfer fluid between the hybrid fossil fuel-electric multifunction heat pump and the heating and cooling unit(s) located inside the building, the hydronic loop system having (1) a hydronically-coupled first loop that conveys the heat transfer fluid though a line comprising the absorber and the condenser of the sorption heat pump system when in heating mode, and (2) a hydronically-coupled second loop that conveys the heat transfer fluid though a line comprising the evaporator of the vapor compression heat pump system when in cooling mode.
8. The heating and cooling system of claim 7 , wherein, the hydronically-coupled first loop further conveys the heat transfer fluid though a condensing heat exchanger of the sorption heat pump system when in heating mode.
9. The heating and cooling system of claim 7 , wherein, when in cooling mode and simultaneous water heating is desired, the hydronically-coupled first loop conveys the heat transfer fluid though a de-superheater of the vapor compression heat pump system positioned in a line that by-passes the sorption heat system.
10. The heating and cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the sorption heat pump system is powered by the combustion heat of a fossil fuel.
11. The heating and cooling system of claim 1 , further comprising a shared control system that controls the sorption system and the vapor compression heat pump systems.
12. The heating and cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the desorber, the condenser, the evaporator and the absorber of the sorption heat pump system and the compressor and condenser of the vapor compression heat pump system are housed within a single enclosure installed outside of the building.
13. The heating and cooling system of claim 12 , wherein the single enclosure further comprises the evaporator of the vapor compression heat pump system.
14. The heating and cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the vapor compression heat pump system and sorption heat pump system are connected to heating and cooling loads via a fully hydronic system.