Virus

1. A tablet or capsule for oral administration to a patient comprising adenoviral particles carrying a transgene, wherein the transgene encodes one or more antigens, and wherein the tablet or capsule is prepared by formulating the adenoviral particles comprising the transgene into a liquid composition which comprises:

(a) sucrose at a concentration of 0.05 to 1 M;

(b) N,N-dimethylglycine or a physiologically acceptable salt or ester thereof at a concentration of 0.07 to 1 M; and

(c) dimethylsulfone at a concentration of 0.07 to 1 M;

drying the liquid composition, and packaging the dried composition into the tablet or capsule, wherein the tablet or capsule is coated with an enteric coating.

2. The tablet or capsule according to claim 1 , wherein the physiologically acceptable salt of N,N-dimethylglycine is a hydrochloride salt.

3. The tablet or capsule according to claim 1 , wherein:

(a) the liquid composition further comprises one or more other sugar(s) in addition to said sucrose;

(b) the liquid composition further comprises one or more other sugar(s) in addition to said sucrose and the ratio of the concentration of said sucrose relative to the one or more other sugar(s) is from 1:1 to 20:1;

(c) the liquid composition further comprises raffinose; or

(d) the liquid composition comprises 0.2 M N,N-dimethylglycine, 0.2 M dimethylsulfone and 0.4 M sucrose.

4. The tablet or capsule according to claim 1 , wherein:

(a) the transgene encodes one or more Zika virus antigens;

(b) the transgene encodes one or more Zika virus antigens derived from the envelope protein (E) and/or NS1;

(c) the transgene encodes one or more HSV, optionally HSV2, antigens;

(d) the transgene encodes one or more HSV antigens derived from glycoprotein C (gC), glycoprotein D (gD) and/or glycoprotein E (gE); or

(e) expression of the transgene is controlled by a tissue-specific promoter.

5. A method of delivering a transgene(s) which encodes one or more antigens to target cells in a patient, said method comprising oral administration of a tablet or capsule comprising adenoviral particles which carry the transgene to the patient, wherein the tablet or capsule is prepared by formulating the adenoviral particles comprising the transgene into a liquid composition which comprises:

(a) sucrose at a concentration of 0.05 to 1 M;

(b) N,N-dimethylglycine or a physiologically acceptable salt or ester thereof at a concentration of 0.07 to 1 M; and

(c) dimethylsulfone at a concentration of 0.07 to 1 M;

drying the liquid composition, and packaging the dried composition into the tablet or capsule, wherein the tablet or capsule is enterically coated.

6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein:

(a) the transgene encodes one or more Zika virus antigens;

(b) the transgene encodes one or more Zika virus antigens and the Zika virus antigen(s) is/are derived from the envelope protein (E) and/or NS1;

(c) the transgene encodes one or more Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), optionally HSV2, antigens; or

(d) the transgene encodes one or more Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) antigens and the HSV antigen(s) is/are derived from glycoprotein C (gC), glycoprotein D (gD), and/or glycoprotein E (gE).

7. The method according to claim 5 , wherein expression of the transgene is controlled by a tissue-specific promoter.

8. The method according to claim 5 , wherein:

the physiologically acceptable salt of N,N-dimethylglycine is a hydrochloride salt.

9. The method according to claim 5 , wherein:

(a) the liquid composition further comprises one or more other sugar(s) in addition to said sucrose;

(b) the liquid composition further comprises one or more other sugar(s) in addition to said sucrose and the ratio of the concentration of said sucrose relative to the one or more other sugar(s) is from 1:1 to 20:1;

(c) the liquid composition further comprises raffinose;

(d) the liquid composition comprises 0.2 M N,N-dimethylglycine, 0.2 M dimethylsulfone and 0.4 M sucrose.

10. A method of preparing adenoviral particles carrying a transgene which encodes one or more antigens for oral administration to a patient, said method comprising:

(a) culturing and purifying adenoviral particles carrying the transgene;

(b) formulating the viral particles in a pharmaceutical liquid composition which comprises

(i) sucrose at a concentration of 0.05 to 1 M;

(ii) N,N-dimethylglycine or a physiologically acceptable salt or ester thereof at a concentration of 0.07 to 1 M; and

(iii) dimethylsulfone at a concentration of 0.07 to 1 M;

(c) drying the liquid composition; and

(d) packaging the dried composition into tablets or capsules for oral administration to the patient, wherein the tablets or capsules are coated with an enteric coating.

11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein:

(a) the physiologically acceptable salt of N,N-dimethylglycine is a hydrochloride salt;

(b) the liquid composition further comprises one or more sugar(s) in addition to said sucrose;

(c) the liquid composition further comprises one or more other sugar(s) in addition to said sucrose and the ratio of the concentration of sucrose relative to the one or more other sugar(s) is from 1:1 to 20:1;

(d) the liquid composition further comprises raffinose; or

(e) the viral particles are formulated in a liquid composition which comprises the viral particles, 0.2 M N,N-dimethylglycine, 0.2 M dimethylsulfone and 0.4 M sucrose.

12. The method according to claim 10 , wherein:

(a) the transgene encodes one or more Zika virus antigens;

(b) the transgene encodes one or more Zika virus antigens derived from the envelope protein (E) and/or NS1;

(c) the transgene encodes one or more HSV, optionally HSV2, antigens;

(d) the transgene encodes one or more HSV antigens derived from glycoprotein C (gC), glycoprotein D (gD) and/or glycoprotein E (gE); or

(e) expression of the transgene is controlled by a tissue-specific promoter.