Process for methanol production
Process for the synthesis of methanol comprising: reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock into a synthesis gas containing carbon oxides and hydrogen in a molar ratio (H 2 —CO 2 )/(CO+CO 2 ) lower than 1.7; elevating said molar ratio to a value of at least 1.9; compressing said synthesis gas and converting the same into crude methanol; separating said crude methanol into a liquid stream of methanol and a gaseous stream containing unreacted synthesis gas; subjecting at least 50% (vol) of said gaseous stream to hydrogen recovery and mixing the recovered hydrogen with said synthesis gas in order to elevate its molar ratio to a value of at least 1.9.
1. A process for a synthesis of methanol from a hydrocarbon feedstock, the process comprising:
converting said hydrocarbon feedstock, thereby obtaining an amount of a synthesis gas;
compressing the amount of said synthesis gas to a synthesis pressure;
reacting the amount of said synthesis gas at said synthesis pressure, thereby obtaining crude methanol;
subjecting said crude methanol to separation, thereby obtaining a liquid stream of methanol and unreacted synthesis gas; and
subjecting at least part of said unreacted synthesis gas to a hydrogen recovery step;
wherein:
the synthesis gas obtained from conversion of said hydrocarbon feedstock contains carbon oxides and hydrogen in a stoichiometric molar ratio (H 2 —CO 2 )/(CO+CO 2 ) lower than 1.7;
prior to said reacting step, said stoichiometric molar ratio (H 2 —CO 2 )/(CO+CO 2 ) is elevated to a value of at least 1.9 by mixing the synthesis gas with a hydrogen-containing stream obtained from said hydrogen recovery step; and
said part of unreacted synthesis gas subjected to said hydrogen recovery step is at least 50% (vol) of the total amount of the unreacted synthesis gas obtained from said separation step.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the synthesis gas obtained from said reforming step has a stoichiometric molar ratio (H 2 —CO 2 )/(CO+CO 2 ) not greater than 1.6.
3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the stoichiometric molar ratio (H 2 —CO 2 )/(CO+CO 2 ) is not greater than 1.5.
4. The process of claim 2 , wherein the stoichiometric molar ratio (H 2 —CO 2 )/(CO+CO 2 ) is between 1 and 1.5.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein prior to said reacting step said stoichiometric molar ratio (H 2 —CO 2 )/(CO+CO 2 ) is elevated to a value of at least 2.
6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the value is higher than 2.
7. The process of claim 5 , wherein the value is between 2.1 and 2.3.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein said unreacted synthesis gas splits into a first portion that is subjected to said hydrogen recovery step, and a second portion that mixes with the synthesis gas prior to said reacting step.
9. The process of claim 1 , further comprising de-oxidation prior to said compression step, wherein oxygen contained in said synthesis gas reacts with hydrogen to generate water, thereby obtaining an oxygen-depleted synthesis gas.
10. The process of claim 9 , wherein said oxygen-depleted synthesis gas contains less than 300 ppm of oxygen.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein said hydrogen recovery step includes a permeation process through a membrane.
12. The process of claim 11 , further comprising de-oxidation prior to said compression step, wherein said hydrogen-containing stream mixes with the synthesis gas prior to said step of de-oxidation.
13. The process of claim 12 , further comprising splitting said unreacted synthesis gas into a first portion that is subjected to said hydrogen recovery step, and a second portion that mixes with the synthesis gas prior to said step of de-oxidation.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein said hydrogen recovery step includes a pressure swing adsorption process.
15. The process of claim 14 , wherein said compression step being performed in a multi-stage compressor, wherein said hydrogen-containing stream mixes with the synthesis gas at an intermediate stage of said multi-stage compressor.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein the conversion of said hydrocarbon feedstock includes reforming and/or partial oxidation of said hydrocarbon feedstock.
17. The process of claim 1 , further comprising subjecting the unreacted synthesis gas obtained from said separation step to a water washing in order to remove traces of methanol prior to said hydrogen recovery step.
18. The process of claim 1 , which is suitable to be performed on a small scale.
19. The process of claim 8 , wherein said first portion is at least about 70% (vol) of the total amount of the unreacted synthesis gas drawn off from said separation step, and said second portion is less than about 30% (vol) of the total amount of the unreacted synthesis gas.