Dendritic materials with hierarchical porosity
Disclosed herein are dendritically porous three-dimensional structures, including hierarchical dendritically porous three-dimensional structures. The structures include metal foams and graphite structures, and are useful in energy storage devices as well as chemical catalysis.
1. A three-dimensional graphite foam comprising a porous graphite core having porous graphite struts radiating from the porous core.
2. The graphite foam of claim 1 , wherein the porous graphite struts comprise porous dendrites.
3. The graphite foam of claim 2 , wherein the porous dendrites have an average pore size from 1-10,000 nm.
4. The graphite foam of claim 3 , wherein the porous graphite core has an average pore size from 1-1,000 μm.
5. The graphite foam of claim 1 , wherein each of the porous graphite struts has a single point of attachment to the core.
6. The graphite foam of claim 1 , wherein the shell level has an average pore size that is less than 30% the pore size of the core level.
7. The graphite foam of claim 1 , wherein the porous graphite core is a multilevel porous core comprising a core level having a first porosity and shell level having a second porosity.
8. The graphite foam of claim 1 , wherein the graphite foam has an areal density of at least 0.01 mg/cm 2 .
9. A supercapacitor comprising the graphite foam of claim 1 .