Treatment of Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy

1. A method of reducing expanded CUG repeat RNA nuclear foci in a corneal endothelial cell comprising contacting a corneal endothelial cell having an expanded CUG repeat region with a double-stranded (ds) ribonucleic acid (RNA) of 13 to 120 nucleotides in length and having a repeating tri-nucleobase sequence comprising CAG or targeting intron 2 of TCF4.

2. A method of treating a subject with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, comprising administering at least one double-stranded ds ribonucleic acid RNA of 13 to 120 nucleotides in length and having a repeating tri-nucleobase sequence comprising CAG or targeting intron 2 of TCF4 to the subject.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said dsRNA comprises one or more chemically-modified nucleobases.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said one or more chemically-modified nucleobases is a nuclease-resistant modification.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said nuclease-resistant modification is a modified sugar moiety or a modified internucleoside linkage.

6. The method of claim 4 , wherein said nuclease-resistant modification is a modified sugar moiety and wherein said modified sugar moiety is a high-affinity sugar modification; or wherein the modified sugar moiety is a tricyclic moiety, a morpholino moiety, or a 4′ to 2′ bicyclic sugar moiety.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein each 4′ to 2′ bridge is independently —[C(R c )(R d )] n —, —[C(R c )(R d )] n —O—, —C(R c R d )—N(R e )—O— or —C(R e R d )—O—N(R e )—, wherein each R e and Rd is independently hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl; and each R e is independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said dsRNA:

i) comprises a central mismatch (within bases 9-14) with a target sequence comprising said repeating tri-nucleobase sequence;

ii) comprises at least one ligand or lipid group, and/or

iii) targets repeat CUG RNA or intron 2 of TCF4 with CTG18.1 triplet repeat polymorphism and comprises the sequence of any of SEQ ID NOS: 1-4, and 42-50.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the double-stranded RNA molecule is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 1/3, 2/42, 2/4, 43/44, 45/46, 47/48 and 49/50.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the dsRNA is a siRNA or a shRNA, and/or comprises at least one modified nucleotide.

11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the dsRNA is a siRNA and wherein the siRNA comprises one strand of 14-19 nucleotides in length and a second strand of 19-22 nucleotides in length, or wherein the siRNA comprises at least one modified nucleotide.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the at least one modification is selected from the group consisting of 2′-O-methyl-ribonucleotides, 2′-fluoro-ribonucleotides, 5′-vinylphosphonate, phosphorothioate linkage, or lipid conjugation.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell is located in a subject suffering from Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting comprises administering said dsRNA by direct administration into the eye.

15. The method of claim 14 , where wherein direct administration to the eye is in an eye drop, by intracameral injection, or by intravitreal injection.

16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the eye drop comprises a saline or buffered saline solution.

17. The method of claim 10 , wherein the at least one modification is selected from the group consisting of 2′-O-methyl-ribonucleotides, 2′-fluoro-ribonucleotides, 5′-vinylphosphonate, phosphorothioate linkage, or lipid conjugation.

18. The method of claim 6 , wherein said high-affinity sugar modification is a bicyclic sugar moiety or a 2′-modified sugar moiety.

19. The method of claim 6 , wherein said morpholino moiety is a phosphorodiamidate morpholino moiety.

20. The method of claim 6 , wherein said 4′ to 2′ bicyclic sugar moiety is a 4′-CH 2 —O-2′ or 4′-CH(CH 3 )—O-2′ bicyclic sugar moiety.

21. The method of claim 6 , wherein each 4′ to 2′ bridge independently comprises from 2 to 4 linked groups independently selected from 13 [C(R a )(R b )] y , —C(R a )═C(R b )—, —C(R a )═N—, —C(═NR a )—, —C(═O)—, —C(═S)—, —O—, —Si(R a ) 2 —, —S(═O) x —, and —N(R 1 )—; wherein x is 0, 1, or 2; y is 1, 2, 3, or 4; each R a and R b is, independently, H, a protecting group, hydroxyl, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 5 -C 9 aryl, substituted C 5 -C 20 aryl, heterocycle radical, substituted heterocycle radical, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, C 5 -C 7 alicyclic radical, substituted C 5═ alicyclic radical, halogen, OJ 1 , NJ 1 J 2 , SJ 1 , N 3 , COOJ 1 , acyl (C(═O)—H), substituted acyl, CN, sulfonyl (S(═O) 2 -J 1 ), or sulfoxyl (S(═O)-J 1 ); and each J 1 and J 2 is, independently, H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, substituted C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 5 -C 20 aryl, substituted C 5 -C 9 aryl, acyl (C(═O)—H), substituted acyl, a heterocycle radical, a substituted heterocycle radical, C 1 -C 6 aminoalkyl, substituted C 1 -C 6 aminoalkyl or a protecting group.

22. The method of claim 7 , wherein each 4′ to 2′ bridge is independently a 4′-(CH 2 ) 2 -2′,4′-(CH 2 ) 3 -2′,4′-CH 2 —O-2′,4′-CH(CH 3 )—O-2′,4′—(CH 2 ) 2 -0-2′,4′—CH 2 —O—N(R e )-2′ and 4′-CH 2 —N(Re)-O-2′-bridge.