Method for producing double stranded polynucleotides based on oligonucleotides with selected and different melting temperatures

1. A method for producing a double-stranded polynucleotide, wherein the method comprises the steps:

(a) selecting and providing a group of single-stranded oligonucleotides for self-assembly into the double-stranded polynucleotide, the group comprising a plurality of overlapping complementary oligonucleotides, wherein each overlap between complementary oligonucleotides is selected to have a melting temperature (T m ) that differs from the melting temperatures of all other overlapping complementary oligonucleotides in the group, and wherein each overlap is selected to provide a difference between its T m and the closest higher and lower T m of greater than or equal to 2° C. as determined by nearest-neighbour model; and

(b) producing the double-stranded polynucleotide by self-assembly of the group of single-stranded oligonucleotides.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oligonucleotides are less than or equal to about 200 nucleotides in length and/or wherein the oligonucleotides are greater than or equal to about 4 nucleotides in length.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the overlaps are selected to provide a highest T m of less than or equal to about 95° C. and/or wherein the overlaps are selected to provide a lowest T m of greater than or equal to about 10° C.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the double-stranded polynucleotide:

(a) is a DNA, RNA or XNA;

(b) comprises a coding region; and/or

(c) comprises an expression construct, chromosome or genome.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the number of errors in assembly of the polynucleotide due to hybridising of non-complementary oligonucleotides is reduced in comparison to a method in which each overlap between complementary oligonucleotides is not selected to have a melting temperature (T m ) that differs from the melting temperatures of all other overlapping complementary oligonucleotides in the group.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the selection of the oligonucleotides is carried out by a computer.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the providing a group of single-stranded oligonucleotides comprises the steps:

(i) dividing one strand of the polynucleotide to form a first set of oligonucleotides; and

(ii) dividing the opposite strand of the polynucleotide to form a second set of oligonucleotides;

wherein each of the oligonucleotides of the second set of oligonucleotides overlaps with two oligonucleotides of the first set of oligonucleotides, except that two oligonucleotides at a 5′ or 3′ end of the double-stranded polynucleotide overlaps with only one complementary oligonucleotide.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (b) comprises hybridizing the single-stranded oligonucleotides to produce multiple copies of the double-stranded polynucleotide.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the hybridizing comprises decreasing the temperature from a starting temperature over a period of time, and/or wherein the hybridizing comprises decreasing the temperature from a temperature greater than or equal to the highest T m to a temperature less than or equal to the lowest T m .

10. The method of claim 8 , further comprising the step of admixing the entire group of single-stranded oligonucleotides before the hybridizing step; or further comprising the step of admixing subsets of oligonucleotides, which are hybridized separately, and the subsequent step of admixing the subsets together and then hybridizing the mixture of subsets.

11. The method of claim 8 , further comprising the steps:

(i) polymerase chain assembly (PCA);

(ii) treating the hybridized oligonucleotides with a ligase and optionally a polynucleotide kinase; and/or

(iii) amplifying the double-stranded polynucleotide.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein each overlap is selected to provide a difference between its T m and the closest higher and lower T m of greater than or equal to 3° C.

13. A method for providing multiple copies of a double-stranded polynucleotide comprising the steps:

(a) selecting and providing a first set of oligonucleotides corresponding to one strand of the polynucleotide; and

(b) selecting and providing a second set of oligonucleotides corresponding to the opposite strand of the polynucleotide, wherein each of the oligonucleotides of the second set of oligonucleotides overlaps with two oligonucleotides of the first set of oligonucleotides, except that two oligonucleotides at a 5′ or 3′ end of the double-stranded polynucleotide overlaps with only one complementary oligonucleotide, and wherein each overlap between complementary oligonucleotides is selected to have a melting temperature (T m ) that differs from the melting temperatures of all other overlapping complementary oligonucleotides in a group consisting of the first and second sets of oligonucleotides, and wherein each overlap is selected to provide a difference between its T m and the closest higher and lower T m of greater than or equal to 2° C. as determined by nearest-neighbour model; and

(c) hybridising the first and second set of oligonucleotides.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the hybridising comprises decreasing the temperature from a starting temperature over a period of time, and/or wherein the hybridising comprises decreasing the temperature from a temperature greater than or equal to the highest T m to a temperature less than or equal to the lowest T m .

15. The method of claim 13 , further comprising the step of admixing the entire group of oligonucleotides before the hybridising step; or further comprising the step of admixing subsets of oligonucleotides, which are hybridised separately, and the subsequent step of admixing the subsets together and then hybridising the mixture of subsets.