Method for producing a structured surface

1. A method for producing a decorative surface on a workpiece ( 1 ), comprising:

feeding (S 10 ) the workpiece ( 1 ) coated with a liquid layer ( 2 ) to a digital printing station;

applying (S 12 ) an agent capable of at least partially absorbing electromagnetic radiation, at least on a partial area of the surface of the liquid layer ( 2 ), or which, in contact with the surface, produces a reaction product which is capable of at least partially absorbing electromagnetic radiation; and

irradiating (S 14 ) the surface of the liquid layer ( 2 ) and of the agent with electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of less than 300 nm;

for a formation of a microstructure or nanostructure at the partial area of the surface of the liquid layer ( 2 );

wherein the agent undergoes a chemical reaction with the layer ( 2 );

wherein the chemical reaction occurs in at least one of the following:

(a) upon impact on the surface of the layer ( 2 ) in such a way that an optical and/or haptic change of the surface occurs at the respective areas,

(b) when the chemical reaction between the applied agent and the layer ( 2 ) is given sufficient time for the chemical reaction to at least partially take place, and

(C) upon impact on the layer ( 2 ) such that the reaction product achieves by the irradiation (S 14 ) at this area no or less micro- or nanostructure formation than on the areas on which no agent has been applied to the surface.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein

the agent is sprayed onto the liquid layer ( 2 ), by a digital print head ( 4 ) or a digital nozzle bar, in the form of fine droplets ( 3 a ) and/or applied in the form of droplets ( 3 ), wherein the fine droplets ( 3 a ) have a volume of 0,1 pl to 1 pl and/or the droplets ( 3 ) have a volume of 1 pl to 80 pl and/or

the chemical and/or physical properties of the agent are such that it absorbs at least 10% of incident electromagnetic radiation.

3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein

the droplets ( 3 ) and/or the fine droplets ( 3 a ) are dispensed in such a way that upon impact on the surface of the liquid layer ( 2 ) they at least partially penetrate it and/or come to rest on it and/or displace it and introduce depressions, wherein the droplets ( 3 ) and/or the fine droplets ( 3 a ) are adapted in volume and/or speed in order to influence the penetration depth and the displacement.

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein

the liquid layer ( 2 ) consists of a polymerizable acrylate mixture, and/or

the applied agent consists of a polymeriable acrylate mixture and/or of a solvent-containing liquid or of an aqueous mixture, with a water content of more than 30%.

5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein

in a further step, curing (S 16 ) of the layer ( 2 ) is carried out by irradiation with electromagnetic radiation, having a wavelength greater than 250 nm and/or by active and/or passive drying and/or by reaction curing.

6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the applied agent consists only of water or, in addition to water having a total content of 10-99%, contains at least one of the following ingredients in the indicated concentration (vol %):

a substance from the group of hindered amines in a concentration of 0-20%

a substance from the group of N,N′-diphenyleoxamides in a concentration of 0-2.0% and/or

the applied agent comprises, in addition to an alcohol and/or a glycol having a total content (alcohol and/or glycol) of 10-99%, at least one of the following ingredients in the indicated concentration (vol %):

a substance from the group of hindered amines in a concentration of 0-20%

a substance from the group of N,N′-diphenyleoxamides in a concentration of 0-20%, and/or

the applied agent comprises, in addition to a polymer content of 10-99%, at least one of the following ingredients in the indicated concentration (vol %):

a substance from the group of benzophenones in a concentration of 0-15%

a substance from the group of benzotrialzoles in a concentration of 0-15%.

7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein

the applied agent, after irradiation (S 14 ), is capable of evaporating within less than 3 minutes, and/or

in that a further step (S 18 ) is provided in which the evaporation of the agent is carried out within less than 3 minutes.

8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein

upon impact on the layer ( 2 ), the applied agent undergoes a chemical reaction with the layer ( 2 ) such that the reaction product achieves by the irradiation (S 14 ) at this area no or less micro- or nanostructure formation than on the areas on which no agent has been applied to the surface.

9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein

in a further step (S 20 ) the liquid layer ( 2 ) is applied to a surface of the workpiece ( 1 ), and/or

in a further step (S 22 ) carried out simultaneously with step (S 12 ), the layer ( 2 ) is structured by an analog structuring method, using an embossing roller and/or is displaced by analog or digital methods by applying further structuring droplets, wherein depressions are introduced into the layer ( 2 ), and/or

in a further step a decorative image is applied to the surface of the workpiece (I) and/or to the layer ( 2 ), by digital printing, which surface is at least partially cured or which has a surface solidified by polymerization.

10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic radiation has a wavelength of less than 250 nm.

11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic radiation has a wavelength of less than 200 nm.

12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the formation of a microstructure or nanostructure is carried out by irradiation (S 14 ) of the surface of the liquid layer ( 2 ) with the electromagnetic radiation in the surface of the uppermost partial area of the liquid layer ( 2 ), which in the later use of the workpiece ( 1 ) scatters light reflection and thus results in an optically more matte impression.