Friction pressure welding method
The present invention provides a friction welding method capable of reducing the welding temperature and a friction welding method capable of obtaining a welded portion free of defects regardless the type of material. A frictional welding method in which one member is brought into contact with the other member and slides while a load is applied substantially perpendicularly to the interface to be welded, the frictional welding method comprising: a first step in which frictional welding is carried out by setting a pressure calculated from the area and the load of the interface to be welded to be equal to or higher than the yield stress and the tensile strength of one member and/or the other member at a desired welding temperature; and a second step in which frictional welding is carried out by lowering the load, wherein the first step and the second step are continuously carried out.
1. A friction welding method, in which one member is brought into contact with other member and slides in a state that a load is applied perpendicularly to an interface to be welded, comprising:
a first step of carrying out friction welding by setting a pressure (P 1 ) calculated from an area of the interface to be welded and the load to be equal to or higher than a yield stress of the one member and/or the other member and equal to or lower than a tensile strength of the one member and/or the other member at a desired welding temperature, and
a second step of carrying out friction welding by lowering the load,
wherein the first step and the second step are carried out continuously.
2. The friction welding method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein, in the second step, a true pressure (P 2 ) is calculated by subtracting a softening area of the interface to be welded caused by an increase in temperature from the area, and the load is reduced so that the pressure (P 1 ) and the true pressure (P 2 ) are the same value.
3. The friction welding method in accordance with claim 2 , wherein a softening region is set to 10 to 50% of the area.
4. The friction welding method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the pressure (P 1 ) is set to the yield stress of the one member and/or the other member at the desired welding temperature.
5. The friction welding method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein one member and/or the other member is made of an iron-based metal.
6. The friction welding method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the welding temperatures is set to be below the A 1 temperature of the ferrous metals.
7. The friction welding method in accordance with claim 5 , wherein the iron-based metal is a high-speed tool steel.
8. A welded structure having a welded portion of two metal materials, wherein
at least one of the metal materials is a high-speed tool steel,
prior austenite crystal grains of the high-speed tool steel at the welding interface of the welded portion are equiaxed grains,
regions having crystal grain boundaries caused by the prior austenite crystal grains are distributed at constant intervals around the welding interface,
a hardness within 5 mm of the welding interface is less than 500 HV, and
all regions of the welding interface are metallurgically welded,
wherein the prior austenite crystal grains are equiaxed grains, the austenite grains are recrystallized during the welding process.
9. A welded structure having a welded portion of two metal materials, wherein
at least one of the metal materials is a high-speed tool steel,
the welding interface of the welded portion mainly consists of recrystallized grains,
regions having the recrystallized grains are distributed at constant intervals around the welding interface,
a hardness within 5 mm of the welding interface is less than 500 HV, and
all regions of the welding interface are metallurgically welded.
10. The welded structure in accordance with claim 8 , wherein the high-speed tool steels are JIS-SKH51.