Biologically degradable film
A film is shown and described which contains 10 to 50 wt. % of a component A and 50 to 90 wt. % of a component B, based on the sum of the components A and B, component A being selected from the group consisting of polymers that are obtainable from ring-opening polymerization and have a glass transition temperature (Tg) lower than −30° C. and component B being selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic aliphatic copolyesters and mixtures thereof, and the film having a total thickness of 1 to 200 μm.
1. A single-layer film, wherein the single-layer film comprises:
10 to 50 wt. % of a component A and 50 to 90 wt. % of a component B, based on the sum of the components A and B,
wherein component A is selected from the group consisting of polymers that are obtainable from ring-opening polymerization and have a glass transition temperature (Tg) lower than −30° C.,
wherein component B is selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic aliphatic copolyesters and mixtures thereof,
wherein the film has a total thickness of 1 to 200 μm, and
wherein the film is free of starch,
wherein
the component B is selected from the group consisting of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hexanoate), poly(butylene adipate-co-succinate), and mixtures thereof, the poly(butylene adipate-co-succinate) having a number-average molecular weight of 50,000 to 500,000 g/mol; and
wherein
the film comprises 0.1 to 30 wt. % poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), based on the total weight; or
the film comprises 0.1 to 30 wt. % poly(butylene sebacate-co-terephthalate), based on the total weight.
2. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the film has at least one of the following mechanical properties:
a tensile strength in the dry state in the extrusion direction (MD) of at least 15 MPa according to EN ISO 527;
a tensile strength in the dry state transversely to the extrusion direction (TD) of at least 15 MPa according to EN ISO 527;
an elongation at tear in the dry state in the extrusion direction (MD) of at least 100% according to EN ISO 527; or
an elongation at tear in the dry state transversely to the extrusion direction (TD) of at least 100% according to EN ISO 527.
3. The film according to claim 1 , wherein after introduction into salt water for a period of 12 weeks under controlled test conditions, according to the method ASTM D6691-09, and after sieving through a sieve having a mesh size of 2.0 mm, the film has a maximum of 30 wt. % of the original dry weight, and/or wherein after introduction into salt water, at least 30% of the organic carbon of the film is converted to carbon dioxide within 180 days at a temperature of 30±2° C., according to the method ASTM D6691-09.
4. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the component A has a glass transition temperature (Tg) lower than −40° C.
5. The film according to claim 4 , wherein the component A is a polyester.
6. The film according to claim 5 , wherein the component A is polycaprolactone.
7. The film according to claim 4 , wherein the component A has a number-average molecular weight of from 60,000 to 120,000 g/mol.
8. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the component B is poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), and/or poly(butylene adipate-co-succinate).
9. The film according to claim 8 , wherein the component B is poly(butylene adipate-co-succinate).
10. The film according to claim 1 ,
wherein the component B includes poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and/or poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hexanoate) having a number-average molecular weight of 70,000 to 1,500,000 g/mol.
11. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the component B is poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hexanoate), and the poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hexanoate) has a number-average molecular weight of 300,000 to 800,000 g/mol.
12. The film according to claim 8 , wherein the component B includes the poly(butylene adipate-co-succinate) having the number-average molecular weight of 50,000 to 500,000 g/mol.
13. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the film comprises 0.1 to 30 wt. % poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), based on the total weight.
14. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the film comprises 0.1 to 30 wt. % poly(butylene sebacate-co-terephthalate), based on the total weight.
15. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the film has a total thickness of 5 to 200 μm.
16. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the film comprises 20 to 40 wt. % of component A, based on the sum of components A and B.
17. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the film comprises 60 to 80 wt. % of component B, based on the sum of components A and B.
18. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the film has a tensile strength in the dry state in the extrusion direction (MD) of at least 20 MPa, according to EN ISO 527.
19. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the film has a tensile strength in the dry state transversely to the extrusion direction (TD) of at least 20 MPa, according to EN ISO 527.
20. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the film has an elongation at tear in the dry state in the extrusion direction (MD) of at least 200%, according to EN ISO 527.
21. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the film has an elongation at tear in the dry state transversely to the extrusion direction (TD) of at least 200%, according to EN ISO 527.
22. The film according to claim 1 , wherein after introduction into salt water, at least 40% of the organic carbon of the film is converted to carbon dioxide within 180 days at 30±2° C., according to the method ASTM D6691-09.
23. The film according to claim 1 , wherein after introduction into salt water for a period of 12 weeks under controlled test conditions, according to the method ASTM D6691-09, and after sieving through a sieve having a mesh size of 2.0 mm, the film has a maximum of 20 wt. % of the original dry weight.
24. The film according to claim 1 , wherein in active decomposition conditions according to the method DIN EN ISO 14855-1:2012, at least 70% of the organic carbon of the film was converted into carbon dioxide within 180 days.
25. A transport bag comprising the single-layer film according to claim 1 .
26. The transport bag according to claim 25 , wherein the transport bag is selected from the group consisting of carrier bag, fruit bag, vegetable bag, light T-Shirt bag and ultra-light T-Shirt bag.
27. The transport bag according to claim 25 , wherein the transport bag has a weight of 1 to 90 g.
28. A method for producing the single-layer film according to claim 1 , the method comprising the following steps:
a. providing a polymer blend containing component A and component B; and
b. forming a film from the polymer blend according to step a,
wherein the method further comprises a coextrusion step and/or a lamination step.
29. A method according to claim 28 , wherein the method comprises a coextrusion step.
30. A method according to claim 28 , wherein the method comprises a lamination step.
31. A method according to claim 28 , wherein the component A has a glass transition temperature (Tg) lower than −40° C.
32. A method according to claim 28 , wherein the polymer blend contains 20 to 40 wt. % of the component A, based on the sum of components A and B, and 60 to 80 wt. % of the component B, based on the sum of components A and B.
33. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the component B is a combination of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hexanoate) and poly(butylene adipate-co-succinate).
34. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the component B includes poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hexanoate), and the poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hexanoate) has a number-average molecular weight of 200,000 to 1,000,000 g/mol.
35. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the component B includes poly(butylene adipate-co-succinate), and wherein the poly(butylene adipate-co-succinate) has a number-average molecular weight of 90,000 to 300,000 g/mol.
36. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the component B includes a combination of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hexanoate).
37. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the film comprises 25 to 50 wt. % of component A, based on the sum of components A and B.