Low-voltage DC-DC converter including zero voltage switching and method of driving same
A low-voltage DC-DC converter includes a switch configured to convert a high voltage supplied from a high-voltage battery to an alternating current (AC) voltage, a transformer including an air gap in a core region and configured to lower the AC voltage to a low voltage using an adjusted turns ratio, and a power supply configured to rectify the low voltage and supply the rectified low voltage to a load.
1. A low-voltage DC-DC converter comprising:
a switch configured to convert a high voltage supplied from a high-voltage battery to an alternating current (AC) voltage;
a transformer including an air gap in a core region and configured to lower the AC voltage to a low voltage using an adjusted turns ratio; and
a power supply configured to rectify the low voltage and supply the rectified low voltage to a load,
wherein:
the turns ratio is set on the basis of a primary input current, a secondary output current, and a magnetizing current of the transformer;
the air gap in the core region and the turns ratio are adjusted to provide a leakage inductance of the transformer that secures a zero voltage switching operation; and
the leakage inductance value is calculated on the basis of the number of primary turns and a primary circuit resistance of the transformer.
2. The low-voltage DC-DC converter of claim 1 , wherein power switching elements are disposed in the switch in a full-bridge manner.
3. A method of driving a low-voltage DC-DC converter, the method comprising:
converting a high voltage supplied from a high-voltage battery to an alternating current (AC) voltage;
lowering the AC voltage to a low voltage using a transformer in which an air gap is included in a core region and a turns ratio is adjusted; and
rectifying the low voltage and supplying the rectified low voltage to a load,
wherein:
the turns ratio is set on the basis of a primary input current, a secondary output current, and a magnetizing current of the transformer;
the air gap and the turns ratio of the transformer are adjusted by comparing a minimum inductance value of the transformer to secure a zero voltage switching operation and a leakage inductance value of the transformer so that the leakage inductance value of the transformer is greater than the minimum inductance value of the transformer;
the minimum inductance value is set on the basis of a parasitic capacitance of the power switching elements and energy stored in the transformer; and
the leakage inductance value is calculated on the basis of the number of primary turns and a primary circuit resistance of the transformer.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the high voltage is converted to the AC voltage through power switching elements disposed in a full-bridge manner.