Radio-frequency filter, radio-frequency front-end circuit, and communication apparatus

1. A radio-frequency filter comprising:

a series arm circuit connected in a path between first and second input/output terminals;

a first parallel arm circuit connected between ground and a node on the path; and

a second parallel arm circuit connected between the node and ground, wherein:

the first parallel arm circuit comprises a parallel arm resonator and a variable frequency circuit connected in series between the node and ground, the variable frequency circuit being configured to change a resonant frequency of the first parallel arm circuit,

the variable frequency circuit comprises a first impedance element and a first switch connected in parallel,

the second parallel arm circuit comprises a first capacitor and a second switch connected in series between the node and ground, and

the first parallel arm circuit and the second parallel arm circuit are in parallel with each other.

2. The radio-frequency filter according to claim 1 , wherein:

the first impedance element is a second capacitor,

when the first switch is in a conductive state, the second switch is in a conductive state, and

when the first switch is in a non-conductive state, the second switch is in a non-conductive state.

3. The radio-frequency filter according to claim 2 , wherein:

the parallel arm resonator comprises an interdigital transducer (IDT) electrode on a substrate, the IDT electrode at least partly exhibiting piezoelectricity characteristics and having a plurality of electrode fingers;

the second capacitor is constituted by the substrate and a second interdigital capacitor electrode, the second interdigital capacitor electrode being formed on the substrate and having a plurality of electrode fingers;

a pitch of the plurality of electrode fingers of the second interdigital capacitor electrode is less than a pitch of the plurality of electrode fingers of the parallel arm resonator; and

a self-resonant frequency of the second capacitor is greater than an upper frequency of a pass band of the radio-frequency filter.

4. The radio-frequency filter according to claim 3 , wherein a film thickness of the plurality of electrode fingers of the second interdigital capacitor electrode is less than or equal to a film thickness of the plurality of electrode fingers of the parallel arm resonator.

5. The radio-frequency filter according to claim 1 , wherein:

the parallel arm resonator comprises an interdigital transducer (IDT) electrode on a substrate, the IDT electrode at least partly exhibiting piezoelectricity characteristics and having a plurality of electrode fingers;

the first capacitor is constituted by the substrate and a first interdigital capacitor electrode on the substrate, the first interdigital capacitor electrode being constituted by a plurality of electrode fingers;

a pitch of the plurality of electrode fingers of the first interdigital capacitor electrode is less than a pitch of the plurality of electrode fingers of the parallel arm resonator; and

a self-resonant frequency of the first capacitor is greater than an upper frequency of a pass band of the radio-frequency filter.

6. The radio-frequency filter according to claim 5 , wherein a film thickness of the plurality of electrode fingers of the first interdigital capacitor electrode is less than or equal to a film thickness of the plurality of electrode fingers of the parallel arm resonator.

7. The radio-frequency filter according to claim 1 , wherein:

the first impedance element is an inductor;

when the first switch is in a conductive state, the second switch is in a non-conductive state; and

when the first switch is in a non-conductive state, the second switch is in a conductive state.

8. The radio-frequency filter according to claim 7 , wherein:

the first and second switches constitute a switch circuit comprising first and second selection terminals and a common terminal;

the switch circuit is configured to mutually exclusively select a state in which the first selection terminal and the common terminal are electrically connected to each other or a state in which the second selection terminal and the common terminal are electrically connected to each other;

a first end of each of the first and second switches is connected to the common terminal;

a second end of the first switch is connected to the first selection terminal; and

a second end of the second switch is connected to the second selection terminal.

9. The radio-frequency filter according claim 1 , wherein:

the variable frequency circuit further comprises a second impedance element connected in series with the first switch;

the first switch and the second impedance element are connected in parallel with the first impedance element;

the first impedance element is a capacitor or an inductor; and

the second impedance element is the other of the capacitor or the inductor.

10. The radio-frequency filter according to claim 1 , wherein a resistance of the second switch when in a conductive state is greater than a resistance of the first switch when in a conductive state.

11. The radio-frequency filter according to claim 1 , comprising a plurality of the second parallel arm circuits connected in parallel with each other between the node and ground.

12. The radio-frequency filter according to claim 1 , wherein the parallel arm resonator is a surface acoustic wave filter or an acoustic wave filter using bulk acoustic wave (BAW).

13. The radio-frequency filter according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second switches are field-effect transistor (FET) switches made of gallium-arsenide (GaAs) or complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), or are diode switches.

14. A radio-frequency front-end circuit comprising:

the radio-frequency filter according to claim 1 ; and

a controller configured to control a state of each of the first and second switches.

15. A communication apparatus comprising:

a radio-frequency (RF) signal processing circuit configured to process a radio-frequency signal to be transmitted by an antenna element and a radio-frequency signal received by the antenna element; and

the radio-frequency front-end circuit according to claim 14 configured to transfer the radio-frequency signals between the antenna element and the RF signal processing circuit.