Optical modulator, optical modulator module, and optical transmitter module
An optical modulator includes an optical waveguide of a ridge type formed of a thin film of a dielectric material having an electro-optic effect over a substrate, a buffer layer covering the optical waveguide, and a signal electrode provided over the optical waveguide via the buffer layer, wherein a width of the signal electrode is greater than a ridge width of the optical waveguide and wherein the signal electrode covers at least one of sidewalls of a ridge of the optical waveguide.
1. An optical modulator comprising:
an optical waveguide of a ridge type formed of a thin film of a dielectric material having an electro-optic effect over a substrate;
a buffer layer covering the optical waveguide; and
a signal electrode provided over the optical waveguide via the buffer layer,
wherein a width of the signal electrode is greater than a ridge width of the optical waveguide and wherein the signal electrode covers at least one of sidewalls of a ridge of the optical waveguide, and
wherein the signal electrode covers, via the buffer layer, both sidewalls of the ridge of the optical waveguide symmetrically or asymmetrically with respect to a center in a width direction of the ridge.
2. An optical modulator comprising:
an optical waveguide of a ridge type formed of a thin film of a dielectric material having an electro-optic effect over a substrate;
a buffer layer covering the optical waveguide;
a signal electrode provided over the optical waveguide via the buffer layer; and
a ground electrode provided over the thin film at a predetermined distance from the signal electrode,
wherein a width of the signal electrode is greater than a ridge width of the optical waveguide and wherein the signal electrode covers at least one of sidewalls of a ridge of the optical waveguide, and
wherein the thin film located under the ground electrode has a terrace protruding toward the optical waveguide from a sidewall of the ground electrode.
3. The optical modulator as claimed in claim 1 ,
wherein the optical waveguide includes a first waveguide and a second waveguide that form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer,
wherein the signal electrode includes a first signal electrode provided to the first waveguide and a second signal electrode provided to the second waveguide, and
wherein a space between centers of the first signal electrode and the second signal electrode is greater than a space between ridge centers of the first waveguide and the second waveguide.
4. An optical modulator comprising:
an optical waveguide of a ridge type formed of a thin film of a dielectric material having an electro-optic effect over a substrate;
a buffer layer covering the optical waveguide; and
a signal electrode provided over the optical waveguide via the buffer layer,
wherein a width of the signal electrode is greater than a ridge width of the optical waveguide and wherein the signal electrode covers at least one of sidewalls of a ridge of the optical waveguide,
wherein the optical waveguide includes a first waveguide and a second waveguide that form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer,
wherein the signal electrode includes a first signal electrode provided to the first waveguide and a second signal electrode provided to the second waveguide,
wherein a space between centers of the first signal electrode and the second signal electrode is greater than a space between ridge centers of the first waveguide and the second waveguide,
wherein the first signal electrode covers an outer sidewall of a first ridge of the first waveguide with respect to a center axis of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and aligns with a surface of the buffer layer at an inner sidewall of the first ridge, and
wherein the second signal electrode covers an outer sidewall of a second ridge of the second waveguide with respect to the center axis of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and aligns with the surface of the buffer layer at an inner sidewall of the second ridge.
5. The optical modulator as claimed in claim 2 ,
wherein the optical waveguide includes a first waveguide and a second waveguide that form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer,
wherein the signal electrode includes a first signal electrode provided to the first waveguide and a second signal electrode provided to the second waveguide, and
wherein the ground electrode includes a first ground electrode provided at an outer side of the first signal electrode and a second ground electrode provided at an outer side of the second signal electrode, with respect to a center axis of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
6. The optical modulator as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the thin film located under the first ground electrode has a first terrace protruding toward the first waveguide and the thin film located under the second ground electrode has a second terrace protruding toward the second waveguide.
7. The optical modulator as claimed in claim 5 , further comprising:
a third ground electrode provided between the first signal electrode and the second signal electrode.
8. The optical modulator as claimed in claim 6 , further comprising:
a third ground electrode provided between the first signal electrode and the second signal electrode.
9. The optical modulator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the substrate has a refractive index lower than a refractive index of the thin film.
10. The optical modulator as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
a second buffer layer provided between the substrate and the thin film.
11. An optical modulator module comprising:
an optical modulator having an optical waveguide of a ridge type formed of a thin film of a dielectric material having an electro-optic effect over a substrate, a buffer layer covering the optical waveguide, and a signal electrode provided over the optical waveguide via the buffer layer; and
a package to accommodate the optical modulator,
wherein a width of the signal electrode of the optical modulator is greater than a ridge width of the optical waveguide and wherein the signal electrode of the optical modulator covers at least one of sidewalls of a ridge of the optical waveguide, and
wherein the signal electrode covers, via the buffer layer, both sidewalls of the ridge of the optical waveguide symmetrically or asymmetrically with respect to a center in a width direction of the ridge.
12. The optical modulator module as claimed in claim 11 , further comprising:
a driver circuit provided in the package and electrically connected to the signal electrode of the optical modulator.
13. An optical transmitter module comprising:
the optical modulator as claimed in claim 1 ;
a light source configured to output light to be input to the optical modulator; and
a driver circuit configured to drive the optical modulator.
14. An optical transmitter module comprising:
the optical modulator as claimed in claim 2 ;
a light source configured to output light to be input to the optical modulator; and
a driver circuit configured to drive the optical modulator.
15. An optical transmitter module comprising:
the optical modulator as claimed in claim 4 ;
a light source configured to output light to be input to the optical modulator; and
a driver circuit configured to drive the optical modulator.