Low-noise amplifier (LNA) transformer notch
Certain aspects of the present disclosure are directed to a circuit for signal processing. The circuit generally includes a first transformer having a first inductive element magnetically coupled with a second inductive element, and a second transformer having a third inductive element magnetically coupled with a fourth inductive element, wherein the first inductive element is coupled in series with the third inductive element. In certain aspects, the circuit also includes a first switch coupled in parallel with the third inductive element, a capacitive element coupled in parallel with the fourth inductive element, wherein a notch is formed at least by the capacitive element and the fourth inductive element, the notch circuit coupled in series with the second inductive element, and a second switch coupled in parallel with the fourth inductive element.
1. A circuit for signal processing, comprising:
a first transformer having a first inductive element magnetically coupled with a second inductive element;
a second transformer having a third inductive element magnetically coupled with a fourth inductive element, wherein the first inductive element is coupled in series with the third inductive element;
a first switch coupled in parallel with the third inductive element;
a capacitive element coupled in parallel with the fourth inductive element, a notch circuit formed at least by the capacitive element and the fourth inductive element, the notch circuit coupled in series with the second inductive element; and
a second switch coupled in parallel with the fourth inductive element.
2. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the notch circuit is formed at least by the capacitive element and the fourth inductive element when the second switch is open.
3. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the first inductive element is coupled in series with the third inductive element when the first switch is open.
4. The circuit of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first amplifier;
a third switch coupled between the first amplifier and the first inductive element;
a second amplifier; and
a fourth switch coupled between the second amplifier and the first inductive element.
5. The circuit of claim 4 , wherein the first amplifier is configured to amplify a signal at a first frequency band, wherein the second amplifier is configured to amplify a signal at a second frequency band, the first frequency band being non-overlapping with the second frequency band.
6. The circuit of claim 5 , further comprising a controller configured to set a capacitance of at least one of the capacitive element or another capacitive element coupled to the first inductive element to tune the circuit for processing of signals at the first frequency band or the second frequency band.
7. The circuit of claim 5 , further comprising a controller configured to:
determine whether a first mode of operation associated with the first frequency band or a second mode of operation associated with the second frequency band is active, the first frequency band being higher than the second frequency band; and
close the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch and open the fourth switch, when the first mode of operation is active.
8. The circuit of claim 5 , further comprising a controller configured to:
determine whether a first mode of operation associated with the first frequency band or a second mode of operation associated with the second frequency band is active, the first frequency band being higher than the second frequency band; and
open the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch and close the fourth switch, when the second mode of operation is active.
9. The circuit of claim 5 , further comprising a mixer coupled to the second inductive element and the notch circuit, wherein the mixer is configured to receive a local oscillator (LO) signal, wherein a resonant frequency of the notch circuit is substantially three times a frequency of the LO signal.
10. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein a first terminal of the first inductive element is coupled to a first terminal of the third inductive element, the circuit further comprising another capacitive element coupled between a second terminal of the first inductive element and a second terminal of the third inductive element.
11. The circuit of claim 10 , wherein the other capacitive element has a variable capacitance.
12. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein an equivalent impedance of the capacitive element in parallel with the fourth inductive element has higher impedance with respect to a first frequency as compared to the equivalent impedance with respect to a second frequency that is lower than the first frequency.
13. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the capacitive element has a variable capacitance.
14. The circuit of claim 13 , wherein the capacitive element comprises a plurality of switchable capacitive elements.
15. The circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a mixer coupled to the second inductive element and the notch circuit, wherein the mixer is configured to receive a local oscillator (LO) signal, wherein a resonant frequency of the notch circuit is substantially three times a frequency of the LO signal.
16. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein a turn ratio of the first transformer is equivalent to a turn ratio of the second transformer.
17. A wireless device comprising the circuit of claim 1 , the wireless device comprising:
at least one antenna; and
a receiver coupled to the at least one antenna, the receiver comprising the circuit for signal processing.
18. A circuit for signal processing, comprising:
a first inductive element magnetically coupled to a second inductive element, wherein the first inductive element is a primary winding of a first transformer, wherein the second inductive element is a secondary winding of the first transformer;
a third inductive element magnetically coupled to a fourth inductive element, wherein the third inductive element is a primary winding of a second transformer, wherein the fourth inductive element is a secondary winding of the second transformer;
a first switch coupled between a first terminal of the third inductive element and a second terminal of the third inductive element;
a second switch coupled between a first terminal of the fourth inductive element and a second terminal of the fourth inductive element, wherein a first terminal of the first inductive element is coupled to the first terminal of the third inductive element, and wherein a first terminal of the second inductive element is coupled to the first terminal of the fourth inductive element, a second terminal of the second inductive element being coupled to a first output node of the circuit, and the second terminal of the fourth inductive element being coupled to a second output node of the circuit; and
a capacitive element coupled between the first terminal and the second terminal of the fourth inductive element.
19. The circuit of claim 18 , further comprising:
a first amplifier;
a third switch coupled between the first amplifier and a second terminal of the first inductive element;
a second amplifier; and
a fourth switch coupled between the second amplifier and the second terminal of the first inductive element.
20. The circuit of claim 18 , further comprising one or more capacitive elements coupled between a second terminal of the first inductive element and the second terminal of the third inductive element.
21. The circuit of claim 18 , wherein a notch circuit is formed at least by the capacitive element and the fourth inductive element when the second switch is open, wherein an equivalent impedance of the notch circuit has higher impedance with respect to a first frequency as compared to the equivalent impedance with respect to a second frequency that is lower than the first frequency.
22. The circuit of claim 18 , further comprising a mixer coupled to the first output node and the second output node of the circuit, wherein the mixer is configured to receive a local oscillator (LO) signal, wherein a notch circuit is formed from at least the fourth inductive element and the capacitive element, the notch circuit having a resonant frequency of three times a frequency of the LO signal.
23. A method for signal processing, comprising:
determining whether a first mode of operation associated with a first frequency band or a second mode of operation associated with a second frequency band is active; and
controlling a first switch and second switch of a circuit for signal processing based on the determination, the circuit comprising:
a first transformer having a first inductive element magnetically coupled with a second inductive element;
a second transformer having a third inductive element magnetically coupled with a fourth inductive element, the first switch being coupled in parallel with the third inductive element, wherein the first inductive element is coupled in series with the third inductive element when the first switch is open; and
a capacitive element coupled in parallel with the fourth inductive element, the second switch being coupled in parallel with the fourth inductive element, wherein a notch circuit is formed at least by the capacitive element and the fourth inductive element when the second switch is open, the notch circuit being in series with the second inductive element.
24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the first frequency band is higher than the second frequency band, and wherein the controlling of the first switch and the second switch comprises closing the first switch and the second switch when the first mode of operation is active.
25. The method of claim 23 , wherein a first terminal of the first inductive element is coupled to a first terminal of the third inductive element, the method further comprising setting a capacitance of another capacitive element coupled between a second terminal of the first inductive element and a second terminal of the third inductive element, based on the determination.
26. The method of claim 23 , further comprising:
coupling a first amplifier to the first inductive element if the first mode of operation is active; and
coupling a second amplifier to the first inductive element if the second mode of operation is active.