Amorphous silica products, articles, and particles and methods of producing amorphous silica products, articles, and particles from concrete
Concrete may be melted to form a glass product. Methods and batch compositions including concrete may be used to produce amorphous silica materials including, but not limited to, glass, container glass, fiber glass, glass bead, glass spheres, sheet or plate glass, glass aggregate, glass sand, abrasives, proppants, foamed glass, and manufactured glass articles. The initial processing steps include preparing a melt batch comprising concrete and, optionally, other components, melting the melt batch, and cooling the melted melt batch. Further processing steps may be utilized to produce the glass article.
1. A method of producing an amorphous silica material, comprising:
preparing a batch comprising concrete;
melting the batch in a furnace to melt effluent;
cooling the melt effluent to form amorphous silica particles, mass or product; and
crushing the amorphous silica particles, mass or product to form glass particles.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the batch comprises at least one flux.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the at least one flux is in a concentration range from 1 wt. % to 30 wt. %.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the batch comprises at least one of a metal oxide, a metal silicate, and a metal.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the at least one of the metal oxide, the metal silicate, and the metal comprises iron oxide.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the at least one of the metal oxide, the metal silicate, and the metal consists essentially of iron oxide.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the batch comprises a calcium containing material.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the batch comprises at least one of limestone and calcium oxide.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the limestone is in a concentration range from 5 wt. % to 20 wt. %.
10. A method of producing an amorphous silica material, comprising:
preparing a batch comprising concrete and glass cullet;
melting the batch in a furnace to melt effluent; and
cooling the melt effluent to form amorphous silica particles, mass or product.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the glass cullet is in a concentration range from 1 wt. % to 80 wt. %.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the glass cullet is in a concentration range from 1 wt. % to 50 wt. %.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the glass cullet is in a concentration range from 1 wt. % to 25 wt. %.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the glass cullet is in a concentration range from 10 wt. % to 50 wt. %.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein the batch comprises flux and a decolorizer.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the cullet is in a concentration range from 25 wt. % to 50 wt. %.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the flux is a sodium flux and the sodium flux is in a concentration range from 2 wt. % to 15 wt. %.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the decolorizer is manganese, manganese dioxide, selenium, or cerium oxide and is in a concentration range from 0.25 wt. % to 5 wt. %.
19. A method of producing an amorphous silica material, comprising:
preparing a batch comprising concrete and an iron oxide;
melting the batch in a furnace to melt effluent; and
cooling the melt effluent to form amorphous silica particles, mess or product, wherein the iron oxide is magnetite.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the iron oxide is in a concentration range of from 1 wt. % to 40 wt. %.
21. The method of claim 19 , wherein the iron oxide is in a concentration range of from 10 wt. % to 40 wt. %.
22. The method of claim 19 , wherein the iron oxide is in a concentration range of from 20 wt. % to 40 wt. %.
23. A method of producing an amorphous silica material, comprising:
preparing a batch comprising concrete and limestone;
melting the batch in a furnace to melt effluent; and
cooling the melt effluent to form amorphous silica particles, mass or product, wherein the limestone is in a concentration range from 1 wt. % to 30 wt. %.
24. A method of producing an amorphous silica material, comprising:
preparing a batch comprising concrete and silica sand;
melting the batch in a furnace to melt effluent; and
cooling the melt effluent to form amorphous silica particles, mass or product.
25. The method of claim 24 , wherein the silica sand is in a concentration range from 1 wt. % to 30 wt. %.
26. The method of claim 24 , wherein the silica sand is in a concentration range from 5 wt. % to 20 wt. %.
27. A method of producing an amorphous silica material, comprising:
preparing a batch comprising concrete and at least one of slag, mineral slag, and metal slag;
melting the batch in a furnace to melt effluent; and
cooling the melt effluent to form amorphous silica particles, mass or product.
28. The method of claim 27 , wherein the at least one of the slag, the mineral slag, and the metal slag is in a concentration range from 1 wt. % to 30 wt. %.
29. The method of claim 27 , wherein the at least one of the slag, the mineral slag, and the metal slag is in a concentration range from 5 wt. % to 20 wt. %.