Systems and methods for thermally regulating sensor operation

1. A thermal regulation system comprising:

an inertial measurement unit (IMU);

one or more temperature adjusting devices that are ( 1 ) in thermal communication with the IMU, and ( 2 ) configured to adjust a temperature of the IMU from an initial temperature to a predetermined temperature at a rate of temperature change; and

a filler provided in a space between the IMU and at least one temperature adjusting device of the one or more temperature adjusting devices, and encapsulating the IMU or the at least one temperature adjusting device, the filler being configured to facilitate heat transfer between the IMU and the at least one temperature adjusting device, and the filler being made of a material including silicone;

wherein a measurement provided by the IMU is adjusted based on a known bias error of the IMU at the predetermined temperature, to reduce error.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the IMU and the one or more temperature adjusting devices are installed on a shared substrate.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the IMU and the one or more temperature adjusting devices are installed on a shared chip.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more temperature adjusting devices include a plurality of temperature adjusting devices uniformly distributed around the IMU in a three-dimensional or a two-dimensional space.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the filler has a thermal conductivity that is at least two times of a thermal conductivity of air.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the filler thermally isolates the IMU from debris.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein a bias error of the IMU during a transient state between the initial temperature and the predetermined temperature is corrected based on a known temperature response of the bias error of the IMU.

8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the known temperature response of the bias error of the IMU is determined by a user prior to using the IMU.

9. The system of claim 7 , wherein the bias error of the IMU is compensated for based on the known temperature response of the bias error during (i) the transient state between the initial temperature and the predetermined temperature and (ii) a constant temperature state in which the IMU is at the predetermined temperature.

10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the known bias error of the IMU at the predetermined temperature is determined by a user prior to using the IMU.

11. The system of claim 1 , wherein a bias error of the IMU is compensated for based on the known bias error of the IMU at the predetermined temperature.

12. The system of claim 2 , wherein the shared substrate includes a printed circuit board (PCB).

13. The system of claim 2 , wherein the shared substrate bear a weight of the IMU and the one or more temperature adjusting devices, and the shared substrate includes a metallic board.

14. A method of regulating a temperature of an inertial measurement unit (IMU), the method comprising:

sensing an initial temperature of the IMU with a temperature sensor;

providing a thermal stimulus from one or more temperature adjusting devices ( 1 ) in thermal communication with the IMU, and ( 2 ) configured to adjust a temperature of the IMU from the initial temperature to a predetermined temperature at a rate of temperature change; and

determining when the initial temperature of the IMU falls outside of a predetermined temperature range;

wherein:

a filler is provided in a space between the IMU and at least one temperature adjusting device of the one or more temperature adjusting devices, and encapsulating the IMU or the at least one temperature adjusting device, the filler being configured to facilitate heat transfer between the IMU and the at least one temperature adjusting device, and the filler being made of a material including silicone; and

a measurement provided by the IMU is adjusted based on a known bias error of the IMU at the predetermined temperature, to reduce error.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein at least one of the one or more temperature adjusting devices is a heater.

16. The method of claim 14 , wherein at least one of the one or more temperature adjusting devices is a cooling device.

17. The method of claim 14 , wherein the filler has a thermal conductivity that is at least two times of a thermal conductivity of air.

18. A method of calibrating a temperature bias of an inertial measurement unit (IMU), the method comprising:

providing one or more temperature adjusting devices in thermal communication with the IMU;

traversing through a series of predetermined discrete temperature values comprising a first predetermined discrete temperature value and a second predetermined temperature value, from the first predetermined discrete temperature value to the second predetermined temperature value;

measuring the temperature bias of the IMU at each predetermined discrete temperature value of the series of predetermined discrete temperature values;

determining a relationship between the measured temperature bias of the IMU and each corresponding predetermined discrete temperature value to obtain a known bias error of the IMU at a predetermined temperature; and

adjusting a measurement provided by the IMU or another IMU based on the known bias error of the IMU at the predetermined temperature, to reduce error;

wherein a filler is provided in a space between the IMU and at least one temperature adjusting device of the one or more temperature adjusting devices, and encapsulating the IMU or the at least one temperature adjusting device, the filler being configured to facilitate heat transfer between the IMU and the at least one temperature adjusting device, and the filler being made of a material including silicone.