Multi-tunnel electric motor/generator
Disclosed are various embodiments for a new and improved electrical motor/generator, specifically a motor/generator comprising: a plurality of coils radially positioned about a coil assembly, a plurality of magnetic tunnels forming a relative rotational path for the coil assembly, wherein the all of plurality of magnets forming each magnetic tunnel have like poles facing inward toward the interior of the magnetic tunnel or facing outward away from the interior of the magnetic tunnel such that each magnetic field of any magnetic tunnel is of an opposite polarity to the magnetic field of an adjacent magnetic tunnel.
1. An electric machine comprising:
a shaft positioned around a central longitudinal axis,
a rotor comprising:
a partial toroidal magnetic cylinder defining a semi-circular tunnel and positioned around the central longitudinal axis, the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder comprising;
a plurality of exterior magnets forming an exterior magnetic cylindrical wall,
a plurality of interior magnets forming an interior magnetic cylinder wall, wherein the plurality of interior magnets defines a transverse slot in the interior magnetic cylinder wall,
a first plurality of side magnets forming a first magnetic side wall, the first magnetic side wall positioned adjacent to the exterior magnetic cylinder wall and the interior magnetic cylinder wall, and
a second plurality of side magnets forming an opposing second magnetic side wall, the second magnetic side wall positioned adjacent to the exterior magnetic cylinder wall and the interior magnetic cylinder wall a predetermined distance from the first magnetic side wall along the central longitudinal axis,
a stator positioned within the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder, the stator comprising:
a circular core positioned concentrically about the central longitudinal axis, and
at least one coil positioned about the circular core; and
a rotor hub configured to support the stator, the rotor hub having an inner edge coupled to the shaft and an outer edge coupled to the stator, wherein the transverse slot allows a portion of the rotor hub to pass through the interior magnetic cylindrical wall and support the stator, and wherein the plurality of interior magnets forming the interior magnetic cylinder wall are radially offset from the shaft by a portion of the rotor hub.
2. The electric machine of claim 1 , wherein an inner face of each of the plurality of magnets forming the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder have rectangular profiles with a planar surface.
3. The electric machine of claim 2 , wherein the inner faces of the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder have abutting planar surfaces.
4. The electric machine of claim 1 , wherein a radial distance between the plurality of interior magnets forming the interior magnetic cylinder wall and the shaft defines an interior cavity adjacent to the shaft.
5. The electric machine of claim 1 , wherein the longitudinal length of an inner face of the outer magnetic cylinder wall is greater than the radial length of an inner face of the first magnetic side wall.
6. The electric machine of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of magnets forming the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder have their like poles facing towards an interior cavity of the semi-circular tunnel.
7. The electric machine of claim 1 , wherein the at least one coil comprises a plurality of wire windings.
8. The electric machine of claim 1 , wherein the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder is adapted to rotate about the shaft of the electric machine and the at least one coil is positioned about the central longitudinal axis within a rotational path of the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder.
9. The electric machine of claim 1 , wherein the interior magnetic cylinder wall comprises a first interior magnetic inner segment and a second interior magnetic inner segment, and wherein the transverse slot is defined between the first interior magnetic inner segment and the second interior magnetic segment.
10. An electric machine comprising:
a shaft positioned around a central longitudinal axis,
a rotor comprising:
a partial toroidal magnetic cylinder defining a semi-circular tunnel and positioned around the central longitudinal axis, the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder comprising;
an inner rotor comprising a plurality of flux shaping salient magnetic poles configured to concentrate flux linkage in the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder, the inner rotor having a first inner rotor portion and a second inner rotor portion, wherein the first inner rotor portion and the second inner rotor portion defines a transverse slot in the inner rotor;
a first axial rotor comprising a plurality of flux shaping salient magnetic poles configured to concentrate flux linkage in the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder, the first axial rotor coupled at an inner edge to a first end of the inner rotor;
a second axial rotor comprising a plurality of flux shaping salient magnetic poles configured to concentrate flux linkage in the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder, the second axial rotor couple at an inner edge to a send second end of the inner rotor;
an outer rotor comprising a plurality of flux shaping salient magnetic poles configured to concentrate flux linkage in the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder, the outer rotor coupled at a first end to an outer edge of the first rotor core and coupled at a second end to an outer edge of the second axial rotor, such that, the rotors form a four-side magnetic torque tunnel,
a stator assembly positioned within the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder, the stator assembly comprising:
a circular core positioned concentrically about the central longitudinal axis, and
a plurality of coils wound around the circular core; and
a rotor hub configured to support the stator assembly, the rotor hub having an inner edge coupled to the shaft and an outer edge coupled to the stator, wherein the transverse slot allows a portion of the rotor hub to pass between the first inner rotor portion and the second rotor portion and support the stator, and wherein a radial distance between the inner rotor and the shaft defines an interior cavity adjacent to the shaft.
11. The electric machine of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of flux shaping salient magnetic poles comprising the inner rotor are radially offset from the shaft by a portion of the rotor hub.
12. The electric machine of claim 10 , wherein an inner face of each of the plurality of flux shaping salient magnetic poles forming the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder have rectangular profiles.
13. The electric machine of claim 10 , wherein an inner face of each of plurality of flux shaping salient magnetic poles forming the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder have a planar surface.
14. The electric machine of claim 13 , wherein the inner faces of the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder have abutting planar surfaces.
15. The electric machine of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of flux shaping salient magnet poles forming the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder are offset from the shaft by the portion of the rotor hub configured to function as a lever.
16. The electric machine of claim 10 wherein the longitudinal length of an inner face of the plurality of flux shaping salient magnetic poles of the outer rotor is greater than the radial length of an inner face of the plurality of flux shaping salient magnetic poles of the first axial rotor.
17. The electric machine of claim 10 , wherein each of the plurality of flux shaping salient magnetic poles configured to concentrate flux linkage in the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder have their like poles facing towards an interior cavity of the semi-circular tunnel.
18. The electric machine of claim 10 , wherein the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder is adapted to rotate about the shaft of the electric machine and the plurality of coils wound around the circular core are positioned about the central longitudinal axis within a rotational path of the partial toroidal magnetic cylinder.