High speed shaft flexible coupling
A gas turbine engine in which a long length-to-diameter (L/D) flexible shaft is used to connect two high speed shafts in order to tolerate misalignment. In order to reduce the overall system length, a smaller diameter flexible shaft is contained within but not in contact with a larger diameter primary turbomachinery shaft such that the smaller flexible shaft adjoins to the primary shaft aft of the primary shaft bearing. This design reduces a length of the overall system and reduces additional cost associated with a flex bellows or spline.
1. A gas turbine engine comprising:
a larger diameter high speed shaft connecting a compressor to a turbine, the larger diameter high speed shaft including a hollow section at a forward end of the larger diameter high speed shaft, the hollow section having a bottom at an aft end of the hollow section;
a combustor to produce a hot gas stream to drive the turbine;
a smaller diameter flexible shaft, the smaller diameter flexible shaft having a smaller diameter than a diameter of the larger diameter high speed shaft;
a load driven by the larger diameter high speed shaft and connected to the smaller diameter flexible shaft; and
a flexible coupling connected between the smaller diameter flexible shaft and the larger diameter high speed shaft, wherein at least a portion of the smaller diameter flexible shaft is positioned within the hollow section of the larger diameter high speed shaft, the flexible coupling including a torque transfer feature, a first portion of the torque transfer feature being located at an aft end of the smaller diameter flexible shaft and a second portion of the torque transfer feature being located at the bottom of the hollow section of the larger diameter high speed shaft, the first portion of the torque transfer feature being mateably engageable with the second portion of the torque transfer feature.
2. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , and further comprising:
a primary shaft bearing to support the larger diameter high speed shaft at a location forward of the torque transfer feature between the smaller diameter flexible shaft and the larger diameter high speed shaft.
3. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the smaller diameter flexible shaft makes no contact with the larger diameter high speed shaft except for a mateable engagement between the first portion of the torque transfer feature at the aft end of the smaller diameter flexible shaft and the second portion of the torque transfer feature at the bottom of the hollow section of the larger diameter high speed shaft.
4. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , and further comprising a speed reduction gear box, the speed reduction gear box being a planetary gear set with a sun gear connected to a forward end of the smaller diameter flexible shaft.
5. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the load is a fan, the gas turbine engine being without a low pressure turbine rotatably connected to the fan.
6. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the combustor is a reverse-flow type with a turn channel to pass the hot gas stream into the turbine which is an axial flow turbine.
7. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein:
the smaller diameter flexible shaft is flexible to allow for flexing between an input end and an output end; and
the larger diameter high speed shaft is a relatively stiff shaft to support the compressor without flexing.
8. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the load is a generator or an alternator or a fan or a second compressor.
9. The gas turbine engine of claim 1 , wherein the gas turbine engine is a geared turbofan gas turbine engine.