Head wearable display using powerless optical combiner
An optical apparatus includes a lightguide and an optical combiner. The lightguide receives display light having an initial cross-section size and guides the display light down the lightguide. The lightguide includes internal optical elements that redirect the display light out of the lightguide with an expanded cross-section size that is larger than the initial cross-section size. The optical combiner combines the display light having the expanded cross-section with ambient scene light. The optical combiner includes an ambient scene side, an eye-ward side, and one or more reflective optical elements that pass at least a portion of the ambient scene light incident along an eye-ward direction on the ambient scene side through to the eye-ward side and redirect the display light having the expanded cross-section and incident on the eye-ward side to the eye-ward direction. The one or more reflective optical elements are substantially without lensing power.
1. An optical apparatus for a head wearable display, comprising:
a lightguide to receive, at a first side of the lightguide, display light into the lightguide and guide the display light down the lightguide, wherein the lightguide includes a first plurality of reflective optical elements that redirect the display light out of a second side of the lightguide, wherein the first plurality of reflective optical elements comprise an array of planar surfaces offset from each other and obliquely oriented relative to the second side; and
an optical combiner obliquely oriented relative to the lightguide, the optical combiner to combine the redirected display light with ambient scene light, the optical combiner including:
an ambient scene side;
an eye-ward side; and
a second plurality of reflective optical elements that pass at least a portion of the ambient scene light incident along an eye-ward direction on the ambient scene side through to the eye-ward side and redirect the display light incident on the eye-ward side to the eye-ward direction, wherein the second plurality of reflective optical elements comprise an array of planar surfaces offset from each other and obliquely oriented relative to the ambient and eye-ward sides.
2. The optical apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the array of planar surfaces of the second plurality comprises an array of partially reflective surfaces disposed between the ambient scene side and the eye-ward side.
3. The optical apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the array of partially reflective surfaces comprises a linear array of planar surfaces offset from each other and obliquely oriented relative to the ambient and eye-ward sides.
4. The optical apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the reflective optical elements of the second plurality comprise diffractive optical elements that reflects the display light substantially without imparting optical power to the display light.
5. The optical apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the diffractive optical element comprises either a linear grating tuned to reflect the display light towards the eye-ward direction or a reflection-mode hologram configured to reflect the display light towards the eye-ward direction.
6. The optical apparatus of claim 1 , wherein one or both of the ambient scene side or the eye-ward side is curved to impart corrective optical power to the ambient scene light.
7. The optical apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the reflective optical elements of the second plurality comprise one or more inserts disposed within a lens body including the ambient scene side and the eye-ward side.
8. The optical apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the lightguide comprises a planar lightguide and wherein the first plurality of reflective optical elements comprises a plurality of dichroic reflective surfaces disposed along a length of the lightguide at oblique angles relative to sides of the planar lightguide, the dichroic reflective surfaces configured to reflect the display light when incident at an angle while transmitting the display light when incident at a second angle.
9. The optical apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
in-coupling optics coupled to a proximal end of the lightguide to couple the display light into the lightguide at a proximal end for propagation down the lightguide towards a distal end of the lightguide via total internal reflection, wherein the reflective optical elements of the first plurality expand the display light by redirecting portions of the display light out a side surface of the lightguide extending between the proximal and distal ends as the display light propagates down the lightguide.
10. The optical apparatus of claim 9 , further comprising:
a display source to generate the display light; and
collimation optics disposed between the display source and the in-coupling optics, the collimation optics configured to reduce a divergence of the display light.
11. The optical apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the second plurality of reflective optical elements are substantially without lensing power.
12. A head wearable display comprising the optical apparatus of claim 1 , the head wearable display further comprising:
a display module to generate display light; and
a frame assembly to support the display module, the lightguide, and the optical combiner for wearing on a head of a user with the optical combiner positioned in front of an eye of the user.
13. A method of operating a head-wearable display, comprising:
receiving display light into a first side of a lightguide and guiding the display light down the lightguide, wherein the lightguide includes a first plurality of reflective optical elements that redirect the display light out of a second side of the lightguide, wherein the first plurality of reflective optical elements comprise an array of planar surfaces offset from each other and obliquely oriented relative to the second side; and
combining the redirected display light with ambient scene light at an optical combiner obliquely oriented relative to the lightguide, the optical combiner including:
an ambient scene side;
an eye-ward side; and
a second plurality of reflective optical elements that pass at least a portion of the ambient scene light incident along an eye-ward direction on the ambient scene side through to the eye-ward side and redirect the display light incident on the eye-ward side to the eye-ward direction, wherein the second plurality of reflective optical elements comprise an array of planar surfaces offset from each other and obliquely oriented relative to the ambient and eye-ward sides.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the array of planar surfaces of the second plurality comprises an array of partially reflective surfaces disposed between the ambient scene side and the eye-ward side.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the array of partially reflective surfaces comprises a linear array of planar surfaces offset from each other and obliquely oriented relative to the ambient and eye-ward sides.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the reflective optical elements of the second plurality comprise diffractive optical elements that reflects the display light substantially without imparting optical power to the display light.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the diffractive optical element comprises either a linear grating tuned to reflect the display light towards the eye-ward direction or a reflection-mode hologram configured to reflect the display light towards the eye-ward direction.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein one or both of the ambient scene side or the eye-ward side is curved to impart corrective optical power to the ambient scene light.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the reflective optical elements of the second plurality comprise one or more inserts disposed within a lens body including the ambient scene side and the eye-ward side.
20. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
propagating the display light into the lightguide from a proximal end to a distal end via total internal reflection via in-coupling optics coupled to the proximal end of the lightguide, wherein the reflective optical elements of the first plurality expand the display light by redirecting portions of the display light out a side surface of the lightguide extending between the proximal and distal ends as the display light propagates down the lightguide.