Mutli-layered neutron detector
A neutron detector including a plurality of layers of converter material and a plurality of layers of detector material. Each layer of converter material can be immediately adjacent to at least one layer of detector material and each layer of detector material can be immediately adjacent to at least one layer of converter material. The neutron detector may further include a read out integrated circuit (ROIC) that is electrically coupled to the plurality of layers of detector material. A value output by the ROIC may be indicative of a neutron interacting with a layer of converter material from amongst the plurality of layers of converter material.
1. A neutron detector comprising:
a plurality of layers of converter material;
a plurality of layers of detector material, wherein each layer of converter material is immediately adjacent to at least one layer of detector material, and further wherein each layer of detector material is immediately adjacent to at least one layer of converter material;
a plurality of separate and substantially planar layers of residual stress reduction material, wherein each of the plurality of separate and substantially planar layers of residual stress reduction material is interposed between corresponding portions of one of the plurality of layers of converter material; and
a read out integrated circuit (ROIC) that is electrically coupled to the plurality of layers of detector material, wherein a value output by the ROIC is indicative of a neutron interacting with a layer of converter material from amongst the plurality of layers of converter material.
2. The neutron detector of claim 1 , wherein a layer of converter material from amongst the plurality of layers of converter material comprises at least one of boron-10, lithium-6, gadolinium, or uranium.
3. The neutron detector of claim 1 , wherein a layer of detector material from amongst the plurality of layers of detector material comprises at least one of silicon, cadmium telluride, diamond-like carbon, gallium arsenide, or aluminum gallium nitride.
4. The neutron detector of claim 1 , wherein the neutron interacts with the layer of converter material by nuclear reaction.
5. The neutron detector of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of layers of converter material includes a respective plurality of separate and substantially planar layers of residual stress reduction material.
6. The neutron detector of claim 1 , wherein a layer of residual stress reduction material from amongst the plurality of separate and substantially planar layers of residual stress reduction material comprises at least one of aluminum or a material with a neutron interaction cross-section below a threshold value.
7. The neutron detector of claim 1 , wherein a first layer of converter material from amongst the plurality of layers of converter material comprises a first material and a second layer of converter material from amongst the plurality of layers of converter material comprises a second material, wherein the first material and the second material are different.
8. The neutron detector of claim 1 , wherein a first layer of converter material from amongst the plurality of layers of converter material has a face with a first surface area, wherein a similar face on a second layer of converter material from amongst the plurality of layers of converter material has a second surface area that is smaller than the first surface area.
9. The neutron detector of claim 1 , wherein the ROIC is coupled to a layer of detector material from amongst the plurality of layers of detector material by through-silicon vias.
10. The neutron detector of claim 1 , wherein the value output by the ROIC is further indicative of a particle or photon generated by the layer of converter material from amongst the plurality of layers of converter material when interacting with the neutron.
11. The neutron detector of claim 1 , wherein a layer of converter material from amongst the plurality of layers of converter material is 2.4 microns thick.
12. The neutron detector of claim 1 , further comprising:
a neutron moderator configured to prime neutrons, by lowering energy of a neutron, for interaction with any layer of converter material from amongst the plurality of layers of converter material.
13. A method of forming a neutron detector, the method comprising:
depositing a layer of converter material onto a layer of detector material, the layer of converter material including a plurality of separate and substantially planar layers of residual stress reduction material, wherein each of the plurality of separate and substantially planar layers of residual stress reduction material is interposed between corresponding portions of the layer of converter material;
securing a second layer of detector material to a surface of the deposited layer of converter material;
depositing a second layer of converter material onto the second layer of detector material; and
electronically coupling a read out integrated circuit (ROIC) to the layer of detector material and the second layer of detector material, wherein a value output by the ROIC is indicative of a neutron interacting with at least one of the layer of converter material or the second layer of converter material.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the step of depositing the layer of converter material onto the layer of detector material comprises depositing a first portion of the layer of converter material onto the layer of detector material, depositing a layer of residual stress reduction material onto the deposited first portion of the layer of converter material, and depositing a second portion of the layer of converter material onto the deposited layer of residual stress reduction material.
15. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
securing a neutron moderator onto the layer of detector material, wherein the neutron moderator is configured to prime neutrons for interaction with at least one of the layer of converter material or the second layer of converter material.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the ROIC is coupled to the first layer of detector material by through-silicon vias.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein the converter material comprises at least one of boron-10, lithium-6, gadolinium, or uranium.
18. A neutron detector comprising:
a plurality of layers of boron-10, wherein each layer of boron-10 generates an alpha particle when a thermal neutron interacts with the layer of boron-10 by nuclear reaction, wherein each of the plurality of layers of boron-10 includes a respective plurality of separate and substantially planar layers of residual stress reduction material, wherein each of the plurality of separate and substantially planar layers of residual stress reduction material is interposed between corresponding portions of the respective one of the plurality of layers of boron-10;
a plurality of layers of silicon wafers each configured to detect presence of the alpha particle, wherein each layer of boron-10 is immediately adjacent to at least one layer of silicon wafer, and further wherein each layer of silicon wafer is immediately adjacent to at least one layer of boron-10; and
a read out integrated circuit (ROIC) that is electrically coupled by through-silicon vias to each of the plurality of layers of silicon wafers, wherein a value output by the ROIC is indicative of detection of the alpha particle by a layer of silicon wafer from amongst the plurality of layers of silicon wafers.
19. The neutron detector of claim 18 , wherein each of the plurality of separate and substantially planar layers of residual stress reduction material includes aluminum.
20. The neutron detector of claim 18 , wherein a layer of boron-10 from amongst the plurality of layers of boron-10 is 2.4 microns thick.