Dual-control LED dimming system and method
A dual-control dimming system is disclosed. The dual-control dimming system is configured to automatically change control of an LED between two control loops as an LED output is adjusted over a dimmable range. A first control loop may take control of the LED output in a first portion of the dimmable range, while the second loop may take control of the LED output in a second portion of the dimmable range. In this way, the LED may be powered efficiently in the first portion, while providing stable (i.e., flicker-free) output in the second portion.
1. A dual-control dimming circuit comprising:
a current sensor configured to sense an LED current conducted by an LED, the LED current corresponding to an LED output;
a main loop configured to control the LED current conducted by the LED according to a main-loop transfer function by adjusting an output of a switched mode power supply (SMPS) when the LED output is above a threshold; and
a linear loop configured to control the LED current conducted by the LED according to a linear-loop transfer function by adjusting an operating point of a linear pass element (LPE) when the LED output is below the threshold.
2. The dual-control dimming circuit according to claim 1 , wherein:
adjusting the operating point of the LPE dims the LED output while reducing or eliminating a flicker in the LED output.
3. The dual-control dimming circuit according to claim 1 , wherein:
the LPE is a transistor, and
the transistor is in a fully ON condition when the LED output is above the threshold.
4. The dual-control dimming circuit according to claim 1 , wherein:
the main-loop transfer function and the linear-loop transfer function define a cross-over point at the threshold.
5. The dual-control dimming circuit according to claim 4 , wherein:
the main loop and the linear loop are both active above and below the threshold, and
the control of the LED by the main loop or the linear loop is determined by which loop limits the LED current to a lower level, which changes at the cross-over point.
6. The dual-control dimming circuit according to claim 4 , wherein the cross-over point corresponds to an offset and a scaling difference between the main-loop transfer function and the linear-loop transfer function, the offset and the scaling difference generated by a dim control circuit.
7. The dual-control dimming circuit according to claim 6 , wherein the dim control circuit is configured to generate a main reference signal for the main loop based on a dim control input and a linear reference signal for the linear loop based on the dim control input, the main reference signal offset from the linear reference signal.
8. The dual-control dimming circuit according to claim 1 , further including:
a dim control circuit configured to generate a main reference signal for the main loop and a linear reference signal for the linear loop based on a dim control input.
9. The dual-control dimming circuit according to claim 8 , wherein:
the main loop includes a main-loop control circuit configured to generate a SMPS control signal based on a first difference between the main reference signal and the sensed LED current, the SMPS control signal controlling current provided by the SMPS; and
the linear loop includes a linear-loop control circuit configured to generate an LPE control signal based on a second difference between the linear reference signal and the sensed LED current, the LPE control signal controlling current passed by the LPE.
10. The dual-control dimming circuit according to claim 8 , wherein:
the dim control input configures the dual-control dimming circuit to control the LED output to a level in a range of 1% to 100%, the LED output having no flicker in the range.
11. The dual-control dimming circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the threshold corresponds to an LED output of approximately 8 percent.
12. The dual-control dimming circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the SMPS includes a burst mode of operation corresponding to the threshold.
13. A method for controlling an LED output, the method including:
receiving a dim control input at a dual-control dimming system configured to control the LED output using a main loop having a main-loop transfer function or a linear loop having a linear-loop transfer function;
using the main loop to control the LED output according to the dim control input and the main-loop transfer function when the LED output satisfies a condition; and
using the linear loop to control the LED output according to the dim control input and the linear-loop transfer function when the LED output in response to the condition being unsatisfied.
14. The method for controlling an LED output according to claim 13 , wherein the using the linear loop to control the LED output includes:
preventing a switched-mode power supply of the main loop from creating a flicker in the LED output.
15. The method for controlling an LED output according to claim 14 , wherein the preventing the switched-mode power supply of the main loop from creating a flicker in the LED output includes:
controlling the LED output using the linear loop whenever the switched-mode power supply would otherwise enter into a skip mode operation.
16. The method for controlling an LED output according to claim 13 , wherein the main-loop transfer function is offset and scaled differently than the linear-loop transfer function.
17. The method for controlling an LED output according to claim 16 , wherein the condition corresponds to a cross-over point between the main-loop transfer function and the linear-loop transfer function.
18. A dual-control dimming circuit including:
a current sensor configured to generate a sensed current signal corresponding to an LED current;
a main-loop control circuit configured to generate a first control signal for a switched-mode power supply based on a first comparison between the sensed current signal and a main reference signal;
a linear-loop control circuit configured to generate a second control signal for a linear pass element based on a second comparison between the sensed current signal and a linear reference signal; and
a dim control circuit configured to generate the main reference signal and the linear reference signal based on a dim control signal received at the dim control circuit, the dim control circuit including a resistor network configured to provide an offset between the main reference signal and the linear reference signal.
19. The dual-control dimming circuit according to claim 18 , wherein:
the main-loop control circuit includes a first opamp with an inverting terminal coupled to the sensed current signal and a non-inverting terminal coupled to the main reference signal; and
the linear-loop control circuit includes a second opamp with an inverting terminal coupled to the sensed current signal and a non-inverting terminal coupled to the linear reference signal.