Micro-dystrophins and related methods of use
Nucleotide sequences including a micro-dystrophin gene are provided. The micro-dystrophin genes may be operatively linked to a regulatory cassette. Methods of treating a subject having, or at risk of developing, muscular dystrophy, sarcopenia, heart disease, or cachexia are also provided. The methods may include administering a pharmaceutical composition including the micro-dystrophin gene and a delivery vehicle to a subject. Further, the methods may include administering the pharmaceutical composition a subject having Duchenne muscular dystrophy or Becker muscular dystrophy.
1. A pharmaceutical composition, the composition comprising:
a micro-dystrophin gene encoding a protein comprising:
an amino-terminal actin-binding domain;
a β-dystroglycan binding domain; and
a spectrin-like repeat domain consisting of five spectrin-like repeats, including spectrin-like repeat 1 (SR1), spectrin-like repeat 16 (SR16), spectrin-like repeat 17 (SR17), spectrin-like repeat 23 (SR23), and spectrin-like repeat 24 (SR24);
wherein the micro-dystrophin gene is operatively linked to a regulatory cassette; and
a delivery vehicle, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for intravenous or intramuscular administration.
2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the protein encoded by the micro-dystrophin gene further comprises at least a portion of a hinge domain.
3. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2 , wherein the hinge domain is selected from at least one of a Hinge 1 domain, a Hinge 2 domain, a Hinge 3 domain, and a Hinge 4 domain.
4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the regulatory cassette is selected from the group consisting of a CK8 promoter and a cardiac troponin T (cTnT) promoter.
5. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 4 , wherein the regulatory cassette is configured to express the micro-dystrophin gene such that a level of expression of the micro-dystrophin gene is at least about 100-fold higher in striated muscle cells than the level of expression of the micro-dystrophin gene in non-muscle cells.
6. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 4 , wherein the regulatory cassette is a CK8 promoter, and wherein the CK8 promoter has at least 80% sequence identity to the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:19.
7. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the delivery vehicle comprises an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector or a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector.
8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7 , wherein the adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector consists of serotype AAV6, AAV8, or AAV9.
9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7 , wherein the recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector consists of rAAV6, rAAV8, rAAV9, or rAAV2/6.
10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for intramuscular administration.
11. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for intravenous administration.
12. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein pharmaceutical composition is formulated to reduce at least one pathological effect or symptom of a muscular dystrophy.
13. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 12 , wherein the muscular dystrophy is selected from the group consisting of: Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Becker muscular dystrophy, limb girdle muscular dystrophy, fascioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, congenital muscular dystrophy, oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, and myotonic muscular dystrophy.
14. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 12 , wherein the muscular dystrophy is Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
15. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 12 , wherein the muscular dystrophy is Becker muscular dystrophy.
16. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 12 , wherein the pathological effect or symptom is selected from the group consisting of: muscle pain, muscle weakness, muscle fatigue, muscle atrophy, fibrosis, inflammation, increase in average myofiber diameter in skeletal muscle, cardiomyopathy, reduced 6-minute walk test time, loss of ambulation, and cardiac pump failure.