Thermoelectric cooler (TEC) for spot cooling of 2.5D/3D IC packages
While the use of 2.5D/3D packaging technology results in a compact IC package, it also raises challenges with respect to thermal management. Integrated component packages according to the present disclosure provide a thermal management solution for 2.5D/3D IC packages that include a high-power component integrated with multiple lower-power components. The thermal solution provided by the present disclosure includes a mix of passive cooling by traditional heatsink or cold plate and active cooling by thermoelectric cooling (TEC) elements. Certain methods according to the present disclosure include controlling a temperature during normal operation in an IC package that includes a plurality of lower-power components located adjacent to a high-power component in which the high-power component generates a greater amount of heat relative to each of the lower-power components during normal operation.
1. A method comprising:
controlling a temperature during normal operation in an integrated component package that includes a package lid covering a plurality of lower-power components located adjacent to a high-power component and the high-power component generates a higher amount of heat relative to each of the lower-power components during normal operation by:
providing site specific cooling of the package lid at localized regions of greater heat sensitivity, wherein the localized regions of greater heat sensitivity are adjacent the lower-power components and a localized region of lower heat sensitivity is adjacent the high-temperature component; and
providing cold plate cooling of the package lid.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein site specific cooling of the package lid at the localized regions of greater heat sensitivity includes active cooling and cooling of the package lid at the localized region of lower heat sensitivity includes passive cooling.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
site-specific active cooling of the package lid is provided by a plurality of thermoelectric cooling (TEC) elements, and
the plurality of TEC elements are sized and positioned within the integrated component package such that at least a substantial portion of the footprints of the respective TEC elements projected in a direction normal to a surface of a substrate to which the lower-power components and the high-power component are coupled to overlap with at least one of the lower-power components, and
substantially none of the footprints of the TEC elements projected in the direction normal to the surface of the substrate to which the lower-power components and the high-power component are coupled to substantially overlap the high-power component.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the TEC elements are integrated into the cold plate such that a first side of each TEC element is embedded in a base surface of the cold plate and a second side of each TEC element is physically and thermally coupled to the package lid.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the base surface of the cold plate includes a plurality of insulating notches, each notch positioned adjacent to one of the plurality of TEC elements.
6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the TEC elements are integrated into the package lid such that a first side of each TEC element is embedded in the package lid and a second side of each TEC element is physically and thermally coupled to a base surface of the cold plate.
7. The method of claim 3 , wherein the TEC elements are integrated into the package lid such that a first side of each TEC is embedded the package lid and a second side of each TEC element is physically and thermally coupled to low power components.
8. The method of claim 3 , wherein the TEC elements are integrated into the package lid such that a first side of each TEC element is coupled, and thermally coupled to a base surface of the cold plate and a second side of each TEC element is physically and thermally coupled to the lower power components.
9. The method of claim 3 , wherein the TEC elements are integrated into the cold plate such that a first side of each TEC element is embedded in a base surface of the cold plate and a second side of each TEC element is physically and thermally coupled to the package lid.
10. The method of claim 3 , wherein a first side of each TEC element is embedded in the package substrate and a second side of each TEC element is physically and thermally coupled to low power components.
11. The method of claim 3 , wherein each TEC element is independently powered.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing the site-specific cooling further comprises site-specific active cooling of the package lid by positioning a plurality of thermoelectric cooling (TEC) elements within the integrated component package so that at least some of the plurality of TEC elements at least partially overlie at least some of the low-power components and so that the at least some of the plurality of TEC elements are spaced away from the high temperature component.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the at least some of the plurality of TEC elements are arranged so that the TEC elements do not to overlap with the high temperature component.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the site-specific cooling of the package lid at the localized region of lower heat sensitivity comprises passive cooling.
15. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
coupling the plurality of lower-power components and the high power component to a surface of a package substrate,
coupling the package lid to the package substrate,
physically and thermally coupling the cold plate to the package lid,
wherein providing site specific cooling of the package lid at localized regions of greater heat sensitivity comprises positioning a plurality of thermoelectric cooling (TEC) elements so that the TEC elements overlap at least one of the lower-power components and so that the TEC elements are spaced away from the high temperature component and do not overlap with the high temperature component.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cold plate further comprises a base surface and a top surface, wherein the top surface is opposite the base surface relative to the package lid.