Intelligent cooling for directed energy systems
Disclosed are systems and methods of intelligently cooling thermal loads by providing a burst mode cooling system for rapid cooling, and an auxiliary cooling system that controls the temperature of the thermal load and surrounding environment between burst mode cooling cycles. The system may be used to provide pulses of cooling to directed energy systems, such as lasers and other systems that generate bursts of heat in operation.
1. A burst mode thermal sorption system configured to provide pulses of cooling to a directed energy apparatus, the system comprising:
at least one sorber comprising a complex compound sorbent configured to absorb and desorb refrigerant;
at least one heat source thermally connected to the at least one sorber;
one or more condensers in fluid communication with the at least one sorber;
one or more evaporators in fluid communication with the at least one sorber; wherein the one or more evaporators are configured to thermally communicate with the directed energy apparatus;
an auxiliary cooling system in thermal communication with the directed energy apparatus, wherein the auxiliary cooling system is configured to maintain the directed energy apparatus below a target temperature; and
a burst mode controller configured to:
receive a predetermined signal related to the directed energy apparatus, and
activate a valve, in response to receiving the predetermined signal, to begin an absorption cycle, wherein the absorption cycle comprises a plurality of refrigerant pulses, with each pulse within the absorption cycle including a pulse of refrigerant followed by a rest period.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the burst mode controller comprises a memory and a processor operably coupled to the memory.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined signal is an activation signal indicative of an activation of the directed energy apparatus.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the rest period is at least 5 seconds between pulses.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the absorption cycle of the complex compound sorbent is between 5 seconds and 300 seconds.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the burst mode controller is further configured to manage the auxiliary cooling system to maintain the directed energy apparatus below the target temperature.
7. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a second controller in communication with the auxiliary cooling system, wherein the second controller is configured to receive sensor data and control an operation of the auxiliary cooling system based on the received sensor data.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the auxiliary cooling system is in thermal communication with mechanical or electrical equipment that runs the directed energy apparatus.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the auxiliary cooling system is connected to mechanical or electrical equipment that are ancillary to the directed energy apparatus.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the auxiliary cooling system is a vapor compression system.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined signal is indicative of a thermal load created by bursts of heat generated by the directed energy apparatus.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the predetermined signal is indicative of the thermal load reaching a predetermined load temperature.
13. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to activate the valve in advance of an activation of the directed energy apparatus.
14. The system of claim 13 , wherein the controller is further configured to activate the valve 1-6 seconds in advance of the activation of the directed energy apparatus.
15. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of refrigerant pulses comprises 2 or more refrigerant pulses per absorption cycle.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the plurality of refrigerant pulses comprises 5 or more refrigerant pulses per absorption cycle.
17. The system of claim 1 , wherein each refrigerant pulse of the plurality of refrigerant pulses lasts for 5-30 seconds followed by the rest period.
18. The system of claim 16 , wherein each refrigerant pulse lasts between 5-10 seconds followed by the rest period.
19. The system of claim 1 , wherein the directed energy apparatus is a directed energy weapons system that heats in bursts as the directed energy weapons system is discharged.
20. The system of claim 19 , wherein the directed energy weapons system comprises a laser weapon system, an electro-laser weapon system, or a microwave weapon system.