Pyrethroid formulations
The present disclosure provides formulations of pyrethroid compounds comprising nanoparticles of polymer-associated pyrethroid compounds along with various formulating agents. The present disclosure also provides methods for producing and using these formulations. The disclosure describes various formulations and formulating agents that can be included in the formulations. Additionally, the disclosures describes application to various plants and pests as well as advantages of the disclosed formulations.
1. An aqueous formulation comprising:
nanoparticles comprising a polymer and a pyrethroid compound with an average diameter of between about 1 nm and about 500 nm, wherein the pyrethroid compound is associated with the nanoparticles;
an anti-caking agent;
an anti-foaming agent; and
a preservative; and
water and/or liquid fertilizer,
wherein the polymer is a polyelectrolyte copolymer comprised of at least about 50 weight percent methacrylic acid monomers, at least about 75 weight percent acrylic acid monomers, or combinations thereof, and
wherein the polymer and pyrethroid compound together comprise between about 10 parts per million and about 1000 parts per million of the aqueous formulation.
2. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the anti-caking agent is selected from the group consisting of attapulgite clay, sodium aluminosilicate, silica aerogel, silica xerogel, fumed silica, and combinations thereof.
3. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , further comprising:
a naphthalene sulfonate condensate dispersant; and
a sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate wetting agent.
4. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the pyrethroid compound comprises between about 10 parts per million and about 500 parts per million of the aqueous formulation.
5. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of a weight percent of the pyrethroid compound to a weight percent of the polymer is between about 1:1 to 5:1.
6. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the pyrethroid compound has a melting point of less than 80° C.
7. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the pyrethroid compound is selected from the group consisting of bifenthrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, esfenvalerate, fenvalerate, permethrin, resmethrin, acrinathrin, tefluthrin, and combinations thereof.
8. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , further comprising an anti-freeze agent.
9. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , further comprising a fungicide.
10. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the polyelectrolyte copolymer is a poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethyl acrylate) copolymer.
11. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the pyrethroid compound has a melting point of less than 100° C.
12. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , further comprising at least one of the elements selected from the group consisting of boron, copper, manganese, iron, chorine, molybdenum, zinc sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and combinations thereof.
13. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the polyelectrolyte copolymer is a poly(methacrylic acid-co-styrene) copolymer.
14. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the polyelectrolyte copolymer is water soluble at pH 7.
15. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is comprised of between about 50 weight percent and about 95 weight percent methacrylic acid monomers and between about 50 weight percent and about 5 weight percent ethyl acrylate or styrene monomers.
16. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is comprised of between about 75 weight percent and about 90 weight percent acrylic acid monomers and between about 25 weight percent and about 10 weight percent styrene monomers.
17. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the polyelectrolyte copolymer has a water solubility at pH 7 of greater than 30%.
18. A method of controlling pests comprising applying the aqueous formulation of claim 1 to a plant, a soil adjacent to a plant, to soil where a seed is or will be planted.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the pests to be controlled are members of an order selected from the group consisting of lepidoptera, diptera, siphonaptera, ixodida, blattaria , isoptera, hymenoptera, hemiptera, coleopteran, thysanoptera and combinations thereof.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the pests are mites.
21. The aqueous formulation of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous formulation has an ionic strength of between about 10 ppm to about 10000 ppm, in Ca 2+ equivalents.
22. The aqueous formulation of claim 21 , wherein the aqueous formulation has an ionic strength of between about 10 ppm to about 5000 ppm, in Ca 2+ equivalents.
23. The aqueous formulation of claim 22 , wherein the aqueous formulation has an ionic strength of between about 100 ppm to about 5000 ppm, in Ca 2+ equivalents.