Low density pet litters and methods of making and using such pet litters
Compacting expanded perlite fines in the presence of a clay and water, followed by drying, produces particles with low density, good integrity, and surprisingly higher absorption by volume than non-compacted expanded perlite or non-swelling clay. Furthermore, addition of a clumping agent to the compacted granules results in a clumping litter with low density, good integrity and comparable clumping ability to traditional clay clumping litter.
1. A pet litter comprising dried particles of compacted material, wherein the dried particles comprise expanded perlite and from about 20 wt. % to about 50 wt. % clay, the clay comprises a mixture of swelling clay and non-swelling clay, and wherein the dried particles have a density of about 25.0 lb/ft 3 to about 55.0 lb/ft 3 .
2. The pet litter of claim 1 , wherein the dried particles of compacted material have a moisture content from about 0.25 wt. % to about 10.0 wt %.
3. The pet litter of claim 1 , wherein the non-swelling clay is calcium montmorillonite.
4. The pet litter of claim 1 , wherein the swelling clay is sodium bentonite.
5. The pet litter of claim 1 , wherein the dried particles of compacted material have a size from US sieve size 8 to 30 mesh.
6. The pet litter of claim 1 , wherein the dried particles comprise about 5 wt. % to about 15 wt. % of the expanded perlite.
7. The pet litter of claim 1 , wherein the dried particles have an attrition less than or about 5.0%.
8. The pet litter of claim 1 , wherein the litter is a non-clumping litter that does not contain a clumping agent.
9. The pet litter of claim 1 , wherein the litter is a clumping litter comprising a clumping agent.
10. The pet litter of claim 9 , wherein the clumping agent is selected from the group consisting of guar gum, starches, xanthan gum, gum Arabic, gum acacia, silica gel, and mixtures thereof.
11. The pet litter of claim 1 , further comprising an additive selected from the group consisting of an odor control agent, a fragrance, an anti-microbial agent, an anti-sticking agent, an agent for controlling pH, a dye, a coloring agent, a de-dusting agent, a disinfectant, and combinations thereof.
12. The pet litter of claim 11 , wherein the odor control agent is activated carbon.
13. The pet litter of claim 1 , wherein the swelling clay is sodium bentonite, and the non-swelling clay is calcium montmorillonite.
14. The pet litter of claim 1 , wherein the dried particles consist essentially of the expanded perlite and the mixture of the swelling clay and the non-swelling clay.
15. The pet litter of claim 1 , wherein the swelling clay is sodium bentonite, the non-swelling clay is calcium montmorillonite, the expanded perlite is about 8 wt. % to about 9.5 wt. % of the compacted material, and the dried particles have a moisture content from about 6.5 wt. % to about 8 wt. %.
16. The pet litter of claim 15 , wherein the dried particles consist of the sodium bentonite, the calcium montmorillonite, the expanded perlite, and the moisture.
17. The pet litter of claim 1 , wherein the dried particles have a formulation selected from the group consisting of (i) the dried particles do not contain any odor control agent and (ii) the dried particles comprise carbon as the only odor control agent.
18. The pet litter of claim 17 , wherein the particles have formulation (i).
19. The pet litter of claim 17 , wherein the particles have formulation (ii).
20. The pet litter of claim 19 , wherein the carbon comprises activated carbon.