Intravascular retrievable cell delivery system

1. A device for the intravascular transplantation of cells comprising:

(a) an outer graft, the outer graft comprising an inner lumen and an outer wall, wherein the outer graft comprises first and second terminal portions and a central expanded portion, the central portion having a greater inner cross-sectional area than the terminal portions;

(b) an inner vascular stent, the inner vascular stent comprising an inner lumen and a semi-permeable outer wall;

wherein the inner vascular stent comprises a cross-sectional size and shape along its entire length that allows the inner vascular stent to fit within the lumen of the outer graft; and

wherein the inner vascular stent is configured for insertion into the inner lumen of the outer graft, and wherein when the inner vascular stent resides within the outer graft, a void exists between all or a portion of the inner vascular stent and all or a portion of the outer graft;

(c) a carrier material within the void between the inner vascular stent and the outer graft; and

(d) cells entrapped within the carrier material; wherein the cells are selected from islets cells, stem cells, hepatocytes, and renal tubular cells; and

(e) a therapeutic agent within the carrier material, wherein the therapeutic agent is selected from insulin, a hormone, and an anticoagulant; wherein the semi-permeable outer wall is (i) configured to allow fluids, nutrients, peptides, and proteins to pass between the inner lumen of the inner vascular stent and the void between the inner vascular stent and the outer graft, and (ii) configured to contain the cells within the void.

2. The device of claim 1 , wherein when the inner vascular stent resides within the outer graft, the inner vascular stent extends from the first terminal portion of the outer graft to the second terminal portion of the outer graft.

3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the outer wall of the inner vascular stent contacts the terminal portions of the outer graft, and wherein the inner lumen of the outer graft and the outer wall of the inner vascular stent are configured to interact to hold the inner vascular stent in place within the outer graft.

4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the inner lumen of the inner vascular stent is configured to allow blood to flow through the inner lumen, when inserted into the vasculature of a subject.

5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the inner vascular stent is permeable to insulin.

6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the carrier material is a biocompatible polymer-based material.

7. The device of claim 6 , wherein the carrier material comprises a thermoresponsive polymer.

8. The device of claim 7 , wherein the carrier material comprises poly (polyethyleneglycol citrate-co-N isopropylacrylamide) (PPCN).

9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the cells are pancreatic islet cells and the inner vascular stent is permeable to insulin.

10. The device of claim 1 , further comprising endothelial cells adhered to the inner lumen of the inner vascular stent.

11. A method comprising implanting a device of claim 1 into the vasculature of a subject.