Self-interference cancellation for in-band full duplex single antenna communication systems
An analog self-interference cancellation technique for In-Band Full-Duplex (IBFD) systems generates an inherent secondary self-interference (SI) signal of a circulator and uses that signal to cancel a primary SI signal leaked from a transmitter port within a communication device. The communication device manipulates the phase and angle of this secondary SI, using an adjustable Impedance Mismatch Terminal (IMT) circuit. The result is an efficient SI cancellation technique in the analog domain, which uses the circulator inherent SI signals.
1. A method for self-interference cancellation, the method comprising:
providing an In-Band Full-Duplex (IBFD) system comprising: (i) a single antenna, and (ii) a circulator having at least a transmitter port, a receiver port, and an impedance mismatch terminal (IMT) port,
the IBFD system further comprising a transmitter connected to the transmitter port, a receiver connected to the receiver port, and an IMT circuit, the IMT circuit: (i) connected to the IMT port, (ii) operating between the antenna and the circulator, and (iii) comprising a varactor diode configured in parallel to the circulator; and
configuring the IMT circuit to collect a secondary self-interference signal of the circulator and to manipulate the phase and angle of the secondary self-interference signal.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising configuring the IMT circuit to, in response to manipulating the phase and angle of the second self-interference signal, adjust and cancel a primary self-interference signal leaked from the transmitter port.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising transmitting signals and receiving signals using the single antenna of the IBFD system.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the IMT circuit further comprises an additional varactor diode.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the IMT circuit is adjustable.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
tapping a transmission signal using the IMT circuit to generate a tapped transmission signal; and
modifying an amplitude and phase of the tapped transmission signal to produce a modified tapped transmission signal having the same amplitude and a 180° phase shift from the primary self-interference signal, and adding the modified tapped transmission signal as a cancellation signal to a receiving channel.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising adding the cancellation signal to the receiving channel using the circulator.
8. A single-antenna In-Band Full-Duplex system comprising:
an antenna;
a circulator having at least a transmitter port, a receiver port, and an impedance mismatch terminal (IMT) port;
a transmitter connected to the transmitter port;
a receiver connected to the receiver port; and
an IMT circuit: (i) connected to the IMT port, (ii) operatively coupled between the antenna and the circulator, and (iii) comprising a varactor diode configured in parallel to the circulator;
wherein the transmitter and receiver are configured to operate on the same wavelength; and
wherein the IMT circuit is configured to modify the magnitude and phase of a secondary self-interference signal to cancel a primary self-interference signal leaked from the transmitter port.
9. The single-antenna In-Band Full-Duplex system of claim 8 , wherein the IMT circuit further comprises an additional varactor diode.
10. The single-antenna In-Band Full-Duplex system of claim 9 , wherein the additional varactor diode is configured in series with the circulator.
11. The single-antenna In-Band Full-Duplex system of claim 8 , wherein the IMT circuit is adjustable.
12. The single-antenna In-Band Full-Duplex system of claim 8 , wherein the IMT circuit is configured to tap a transmission signal, to modify the amplitude and phase of the tapped transmission signal to generate a modified transmission signal that has the same amplitude and a 180° phase shift from a primary self-interference signal, and to add the modified transmission signal to a receiving channel of the single-antenna In-Band Full-Duplex system.
13. A method for increasing usable capacity of an electromagnetic spectrum for a communication device, the method comprising:
establishing a transmitting channel between a transmitter and a single antenna in an In-Band Full-Duplex system, the transmitting channel including a circulator operatively coupled to the transmitter and to the single antenna;
establishing a receiving channel between a receiver and the single antenna, the receiving channel including the circulator, the circulator operatively coupled to the receiver; and
operating an impedance mismatch terminal (IMT) circuit between the circulator and the single antenna to collect a secondary self-interference signal of the circulator and to manipulate a phase and angle of the secondary self-interference signal to cancel at least a portion of a primary self-interference signal leaked from a transmitter port of the transmitter, wherein cancellation of the at least a portion of the primary self-interference signal increases the usable capacity of the electromagnetic spectrum of the In-Band Full-Duplex system;
wherein the IMT circuit comprises a varactor diode configured in parallel to the circulator.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the IMT circuit further comprises an additional varactor diode, the method further comprising applying DC voltage biases to both the varactor diode and the additional varactor diode to eliminate input impedance variations.
15. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
tapping a transmission signal on the transmitting channel;
modifying an amplitude and phase of the tapped transmission signal to generate a modified transmission signal having the same amplitude and a 180° phase shift from the primary self-interference signal; and
adding the modified transmission signal to the receiving channel to cancel the primary self-interference signal.