Process to prepare higher ethylene amines or urea derivatives thereof
A process is provided for preparing ethylene amines of the formula NH 2 —(C 2 H 4 —NH—) p H wherein p is at least 2, or derivatives thereof wherein one or more units —NH—C 2 H 4 —NH— are present as a cyclic ethylene urea unit The process includes reacting an ethanolamine-functional compound OH—(C 2 H 4 —NH—) q H or HO—(C 2 H 4 —NH) q —C 2 H 4 —OH wherein q is at least 1, and an amine-functional compound NH 2 —(C 2 H 4 —NH—) r H wherein r is at least 1, in the presence of a carbon oxide delivering agent and water, with a molar ratio of water:carbon oxide delivering agent of from about 0.01:1 to about 2:1.
1. A process to prepare ethylene amines of the formula NH 2 —(C 2 H 4 —NH—) p H wherein p is at least 2, or derivatives thereof wherein one or more units —NH—C 2 H 4 —NH are present as a cyclic ethylene urea unit
comprising:
reacting an ethanolamine-functional compound OH—(C 2 H 4 —NH—) q H or HO—(C 2 H 4 —NH) q —C 2 H 4 —OH wherein q is at least 1, and an amine-functional compound NH 2 —(C 2 H 4 —NH—) rH wherein r is at least 1, in the presence of a carbon oxide delivering agent and water, with a molar ratio of water:carbon oxide delivering agent of from about 0.01:1 to about 2:1.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the molar ratio of water:carbon oxide delivering agent is from about 0.05:1 to about 1:1.
3. The process of claim 1 , where the carbon oxide delivering agent is carbon dioxide, urea or provided at least in part as one compound with the ethanolamine-functional compound and/or the amine-functional compound in the form of a CO adduct.
4. The process of claim 1 further comprising reacting carbon dioxide with an ethanolamine-functional compound or an amine-functional compound and the carbon oxide delivering agent is present in the process at least partly as a cyclic or non-cyclic carbamate derivative of the ethanolamine-functional compound or as a cyclic or non-cyclic urea derivative of the amine-functional compound, or a combination of these.
5. The process of claim 1 further comprising removing water after the carbon dioxide has reacted with the ethanolamine-functional compound or the amine-functional compound.
6. The process of claim 1 further comprising adding or removing water during the process intermittently, semi-continuously or continuously to maintain the amount of water such that the molar ratio of water:carbon oxide delivering agent remains from 0.01:1 to 2:1.
7. The process of claim 1 wherein the molar ratio of carbon oxide delivering agent:amine-functional compound is from about 0.1:1 to about 10:1.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the amine-functional compound comprises an amino-functional compound of the formula HN—(CH 2 —CH 2 —NH) r —H, wherein r is 1 to 10.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the ethanolamine-functional compound comprises a ethanolamine-functional compound of the formula HO—(CH 2 —CH 2 —NH) q —H wherein q is 1 to 10.
10. The process of claim 1 further comprising subjecting the reaction product comprising one or more compounds in the form of urea adducts to a CO removal reaction to convert the urea adduct into amine compounds.
11. The process of claim 3 , wherein the CO adduct comprises a cyclic ethylene urea unit
a carbamate unit
or a linear urea structure