Process for converting cyclic alkyleneureas into their corresponding alkyleneamines
A process is provided for converting cyclic alkyleneureas into their corresponding alkyleneamines. The process includes reacting a feedstock comprising cyclic alkyleneureas in the liquid phase with water in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 20 mole water per mole urea moiety, at a temperature of at least 230° C., with removal of CO2. The process may allow the efficient conversion of alkyleneureas into the corresponding alkyleneamines. In certain embodiments, the process has a high yield and low side product production.
1. A process for converting cyclic alkyleneureas into their corresponding alkyleneamines, the process comprising reacting a feedstock comprising cyclic alkyleneureas in the liquid phase with water in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 20 mole water per mole urea moiety, at a temperature of at least about 230° C., with removal of CO2.
2. The process according to claim 1 wherein the cyclic alkyleneurea reacts to an alkyleneamine in accordance with below reaction
wherein R 1 and R 2 each independently are chosen from the group of hydrogen, an alkylene amine group of the formula X—R 3 —(NH—R 3 —)p—, or an alkoxy group of formula X—R 3 —(O—R 3 —)n—, or a group combining such alkylene amine and alkoxy units p and n, wherein optionally one or more units ˜N—R 3 —N˜ may be present as either one of the rings
and wherein each R 3 independently is as defined below and X may be hydroxyl, amine, a linear or branched C1-C20 hydroxyalkyl or C1-C20 aminoalkyl group, n and p independently is at least 1, optionally containing one or more piperazine, or alkylene urea groups, or when p or n is 0 may be a C1-C20 hydroxyalkyl or C1-C20 aminoalkyl, and R 3 is alkylene or substituted alkylene.
3. The process according to claim 2 wherein R 2 is a hydrogen atom.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein R 3 is ethylene, propylene, or isopropylene, in particular ethylene.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the cyclic alkyleneurea comprises one or more of EU (ethyleneurea, the urea derivative of ethylenediamine (EDA)), UDETA (the urea derivative of diethylenetriamine (DETA)), UTETA (the group of urea derivatives of triethylenetetraamine (TETA), DUTETA (the diurea derivative of triethylenetetramine), UTEPAs (the urea derivatives of tetraethylenpentamine (TEPA)), DUTEPAs (the diurea derivatives of TEPA), or urea derivatives of pentaethylenehexamine (PEHA) and higher analogues, UAEEA (the urea derivative of aminoethylethanolamine), HE-UDETA (the urea derivative of hydroxyethyl diethylenetriamine), HE-UTETA (the urea derivative of hydroxyethyl triethylenetetraamine, HE-DUTETA (the diurea derivative of hydroxyethyl triethylenetetraamine), or any mixture of these.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the feedstock comprises at least about 10 mole % of cyclic urea derivatives of alkyleneamine compounds comprising a —NH—R 3 —NH—R 3 —NH—R 3 —NH—moiety, calculated on the total of cyclic urea compounds present in the mixture.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of water to urea moieties is at most about 15 mole water per mole urea moiety.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the water is added in several dosings or continuously during the process.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature of from about 240° C. to about 400° C.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein CO2 is removed during the reaction.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reaction is carried out for a reaction time of from about 15 minutes to about 24 hours.
12. The process of claim 1 wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature of from about 250° C. to about 320° C.
13. The process of claim 1 wherein the feedstock comprises at least about 15 mole % of cyclic urea derivatives of alkyleneamine compounds comprising a —NH—R 3 —NH—R 3 —NH—R 3 —NH—moiety, calculated on the total of cyclic urea compounds present in the mixture.
14. The process of claim 1 wherein the feedstock comprises at least about 20 mole % of cyclic urea derivatives of alkyleneamine compounds comprising a —NH—R 3 —NH—R 3 —NH—R 3 —NH—moiety, calculated on the total of cyclic urea compounds present in the mixture.
15. The process of claim 1 wherein the molar ratio of water to urea moieties is at most about 10 mole water per mole urea moiety.
16. The process of claim 1 wherein the molar ratio of water to urea moieties is at most about 5 mole water per mole urea moiety.
17. The process of claim 1 , wherein R 3 is ethylene.
18. The process of claim 2 , wherein n and p independently is 2-20.