TIM-3 antagonists for the treatment and diagnosis of cancers
Provided herein are methods for treating a subject afflicted with a cancer, comprising administering to the subject a TIM3 agonist (e.g., an anti-TIM3 antibody), alone or in conjunction with another immune checkpoint inhibitor (e.g., a PD-1 antagonist), wherein the subject is identified as having a high frequency of TIM3 positive cells (e.g., on the tumor infiltrating inflammatory cells) or soluble TIM3 in peripheral blood. Also provided are methods for assessing the efficacy of a treatment comprising a TIM3 antagonist in a subject afflicted with a cancer, comprising measuring the frequency of TIM3 (and optionally PD-1) positive cells in certain populations of cells and/or the soluble TIM3 in peripheral blood of the subject, wherein a high frequency of TIM3 (and optionally PD-1) positive cells and/or the subject's peripheral blood titer of soluble TIM3 is indicative of the response to the treatment.
1. A method of treating a cancer in a human subject, comprising administering (i) an antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof that specifically binds T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) (“anti-TIM-3 antibody”) and (ii) an antibody or an antigen-binding portion thereof that specifically binds a Programmed Death-1 receptor (PD-1) (“anti-PD-1 antibody”) to the subject;
wherein the subject has a serum titer of at least 2100 pg/ml soluble TIM-3; and
wherein the anti-TIM-3_antibody comprises (i) a heavy chain variable region comprising CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, and (ii) a light chain variable region comprising CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, wherein
(a) the heavy chain CDR1 comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 23-27;
(b) the heavy chain CDR2 comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 28-38;
(c) the heavy chain CDR3 comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 39-49;
(d) the light chain CDR1 comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 50 and 51;
(e) the light chain CDR2 comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 52 and 53; and
(f) the light chain CDR3 comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 54-57.
2. A method of treating a cancer in a human subject, comprising (a) determining a serum titer of soluble T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) in the subject, and (b) administering (i) an antibody or antigen-binding portion thereof that specifically binds TIM-3 (“anti-TIM-3 antibody”) and (ii) an antibody or an antigen-binding portion thereof that specifically binds a Programmed Death-1 receptor (PD-1) (“anti-PD-1 antibody”) to the subject if the serum titer of soluble TIM-3 in the subject is at least 2100 pg/ml;
wherein the anti-TIM-3_antibody comprises (i) a heavy chain variable region comprising CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, and (ii) a light chain variable region comprising CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3, wherein
(a) the heavy chain CDR1 comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 23-27;
(b) the heavy chain CDR2 comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 28-38;
(c) the heavy chain CDR3 comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 39-49;
(d) the light chain CDR1 comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 50 and 51;
(e) the light chain CDR2 comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 52 and 53; and
(f) the light chain CDR3 comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 54-57.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein
(a) the heavy chain CDR1 comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23;
(b) the heavy chain CDR2 comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 35;
(c) the heavy chain CDR3 comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 46;
(d) the light chain CDR1 comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 50;
(e) the light chain CDR2 comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 52; and
(f) the light chain CDR3 comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 54.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the anti-TIM-3 antibody comprises a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in a sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 184-189, and a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 190.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-PD-1 antibody comprises nivolumab, pembrolizumab, MEDI0608, AMP-224, PDR001, BGB-A317, or any combination thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-PD-1 antibody comprises nivolumab.
7. The method of claim 2 , wherein
(a) the heavy chain CDR1 comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 23;
(b) the heavy chain CDR2 comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 35;
(c) the heavy chain CDR3 comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 46;
(d) the light chain CDR1 comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 50;
(e) the light chain CDR2 comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 52; and
(f) the light chain CDR3 comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 54.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the anti-TIM-3 antibody comprises a heavy chain comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in a sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 184-189, and a light chain comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 190.
9. The method of claim 2 , wherein the anti-PD-1 antibody comprises nivolumab, pembrolizumab, MEDI0608, AMP-224, PDR001, BGB-A317, or any combination thereof.
10. The method of claim 2 , wherein the anti-PD-1 antibody comprises nivolumab.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is identified as having a serum titer in the subject is at least 2500 pg/ml soluble TIM-3.
12. The method of claim 2 , wherein the serum titer in the subject is at least 2500 pg/ml soluble TIM-3.
13. The method of claim 3 , wherein the anti-TIM-3 antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19.
14. The method of claim 7 , wherein the anti-TIM-3 antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer comprises a colon, kidney, or lung cancer.
16. The method of claim 6 , wherein the cancer comprises a colon, kidney, or lung cancer.