Fiber tracking and segmentation

1. A data processing system comprising one or more processors to segment neurological tracts, the data processing system configured to:

receive image data comprising an anatomical image and a diffusion-weighted (DW) image;

determine a region of interest in the anatomical image, wherein the region of interest comprises a first plurality of voxels;

generate a first plurality of streamlines indicating a fiber tract in the DW image;

select a subset of the first plurality of voxels based on at least one of the first plurality of streamlines passing through each voxel of the subset of the first plurality of voxels;

determine an updated region of interest comprising the subset of the first plurality of voxels;

generate a second plurality of streamlines, each of the second plurality of streamlines indicating a candidate fiber tract;

select a subset of the second plurality of streamlines, each streamline of the subset of the second plurality of streamlines pass through the updated region of interest; and

generate a tract image comprising the subset of the second plurality of streamlines, wherein each streamline of the subset of the second plurality of streamlines pass through the updated region of interest.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the data processing system generates the first plurality of streamlines indicating the fiber tract with deterministic tractography.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the data processing system generates the second plurality of streamlines with probabilistic tractography.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the data processing system maps the region of interest from a template to the anatomical image.

5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the template comprises a Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) template image.

6. The system of claim 4 , wherein the data processing system warps the template to the anatomical image with a symmetric, invertible warp.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the data processing system generates the first plurality of streamlines using constrained spherical deconvolution.

8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the tract image comprises the subset of the second plurality of streamlines aligned with the anatomical image.

9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the anatomical image is an MRI image.

10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the data processing system is configured to:

determine a second region of interest in the anatomical image, wherein the second region of interest comprises a second plurality of voxels;

determine a second updated region of interest, the second updated region of interest comprising a subset of the second plurality of voxels, wherein at least one of the first plurality of streamlines passes through each voxel of the subset of the second plurality of voxels; and

select the subset of the second plurality of streamlines, wherein each of the streamlines of the subset of the second plurality of streamlines pass through the second updated region of interest.

11. A method to segment neurological tracts, comprising:

receiving, by a segmentation engine, image data comprising an anatomical image and a diffusion-weighted (DW) image;

determining, by the segmentation engine, a region of interest in the anatomical image, wherein the region of interest comprises a first plurality of voxels;

generating, by the segmentation engine, a first plurality of streamlines indicating a fiber tract in the DW image;

determining, by the segmentation engine, an updated region of interest, the updated region of interest comprising a subset of the first plurality of voxels, wherein at least one of the first plurality of streamlines passes through each voxel of the subset of the first plurality of voxels;

generating, by the segmentation engine, a second plurality of streamlines, each of the second plurality of streamlines indicating a candidate fiber tract;

selecting, by the segmentation engine, a subset of the second plurality of streamlines, each streamline of the subset of the second plurality of streamlines pass through the updated region of interest; and

generating, by the segmentation engine, a tract image comprising the streamlines of the subset of the second plurality of streamlines, wherein each streamline of the subset of the second plurality of streamlines pass through the updated region of interest.

12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising generating the first plurality of streamlines indicating the fiber tract with deterministic tractography.

13. The method of claim 11 , further comprising generating the second plurality of streamlines with probabilistic tractography.

14. The method of claim 11 , further comprising mapping the region of interest from a template to the anatomical image.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the template comprises a Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) template image.

16. The method of claim 14 , further comprising warping the template to the anatomical image with a symmetric, invertible warp.

17. The method of claim 11 , further comprising generating the first plurality of streamlines using constrained spherical deconvolution.

18. The method of claim 11 , wherein the tract image comprises the subset of the second plurality of streamlines aligned with the anatomical image.

19. The method of claim 11 , wherein the anatomical image is an MM image.

20. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

determining, by the segmentation engine, a second region of interest in the anatomical image, wherein the second region of interest comprises a second plurality of voxels

determining, by the segmentation engine, a second updated region of interest, the second updated region of interest comprising a subset of the second plurality of voxels, wherein at least one of the first plurality of streamlines passes through each voxel of the subset of the second plurality of voxels; and

selecting, by the segmentation engine, the subset of the second plurality of streamlines, wherein each of the streamlines of the subset of the second plurality of streamlines pass through the second updated region of interest.