Method of abbreviated typing and compression of texts written in languages using alphabetic scripts
The invention provides a computer implemented method of drafting of abbreviations for the statistically most frequent word forms and phrases for the purposes of computer typing and compression of texts written in languages using alphabetic scripts with full vowel representation. Therein, drafted abbreviations do not constitute meaningful word forms of a given language, for which they are drafted. Every abbreviated word form or phrase is attributed only one unique and exclusive abbreviation, which is based on the letters contained in this abbreviated word form or phrase and in accordance with the order, in which these letters appear in the abbreviated word form or phrase. For a given word form, one-letter, two-letter, three-letter and four-letter abbreviations of the word forms are chosen according to the statistical frequency of the word forms in a way that allows the mathematically most efficient process of abbreviation of the text.
1. A computer-implemented method of abbreviating words of a body of text written in a spoken language, input by a user comprising the steps of:
determining a statistical frequency of all word forms in a predetermined set of texts;
selecting word forms having a statistical frequency above a predetermined level to receive abbreviations;
selecting and assigning, hierarchically, the shortest available abbreviations to the most frequent word forms, by:
assigning for the first most frequent word form, a shortest formulated abbreviation for that word form, which abbreviation is not itself a word in the spoken language; and
assigning, in descending order of most frequent word forms, the shortest formulated abbreviation for that word form, which abbreviation is not itself a word in the spoken language, and which has not been previously assigned to a statistically more frequent word form;
wherein the shortest formulated abbreviation of a word form is selected by performing the following steps, in order, until an abbreviation is available, as follows:
formulating a one-letter abbreviation by truncation;
formulating an abbreviation consisting of a first letter and a last letter of an invariable part of the word form, plus full inflectional or conjugational prefix and suffix, if applicable;
formulating a two-letter abbreviation by truncation;
formulating an abbreviation consisting of the first letter of the invariable part of the word form plus a first consonant after the first letter, plus the last letter of the invariable part of the word form plus full inflectional or conjugational prefix and suffix, if applicable;
formulating a three-letter abbreviation by truncation;
formulating an abbreviation consisting of the first letter of the invariable part of the word form plus the first consonant and a second consonant after the first letter plus the last letter of the invariable part of the word form, plus full inflectional or conjugational prefix and suffix, if applicable; and
formulating a four-letter abbreviation by truncation;
providing a word processing program for typing input by a user; and
applying the abbreviations to the body of text,
wherein when a user types a series of keystrokes corresponding to an abbreviation assigned to a word form, the typed abbreviation is automatically expanded into the assigned word form.
2. The computer-implemented method of abbreviating words of a body of text of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of:
determining a statistical frequency of commonly used phrases in the predetermined set of texts;
selecting commonly used phrases having a statistical frequency above a predetermined level to receive abbreviations;
selecting and temporarily assigning, hierarchically, the shortest available abbreviations to the most frequent selected phrases by:
assigning for the first most frequent phrase, a shortest formulated abbreviation for that phrase, which abbreviation is not itself a word in the spoken language, and which abbreviation has not been previously assigned to a word form;
assigning, in descending order of most frequent phrases, the shortest formulated abbreviation for that phrase, which abbreviation is not itself a word in the spoken language, and which has not been previously assigned to a word form or a statistically more frequent phrase;
wherein the shortest formulated abbreviation of a phrase is selected by performing the following steps, in order, until an abbreviation is available, as follows:
formulating a first phrase abbreviation consisting of the initial letters of every word in the phrase, in order, joined together;
formulating a second phrase abbreviation for phrases comprising a word form having four or more letters consisting of the following, joined together, in order:
for words having three or fewer letters, the initial letter of each word; and
for words having four or more letters, the initial letter of each word and the last letter of each word;
comparing a total character count of the temporarily assigned abbreviation to a total character count of the sum of characters of abbreviations assigned to all of the words in the phrase, if said abbreviations have been previously assigned; and
assigning permanently the temporarily assigned phrase abbreviation only if the total character count of the temporarily assigned abbreviations is less than the total character count of the sum of characters of abbreviations assigned to all of the words in the phrase.
3. A storage device on which a computer program is stored, the computer program comprising program code means that control a computer or another electronic device on which it is run to carry out the computer-implemented method according to claim 1 .
4. A computer or another electronic device that is configured or controlled to carry out the computer-implemented method according to claim 1 .
5. A non-transitory computer-readable medium containing executable instructions configured to carry out the computer-implemented method according to claim 1 .
6. A computer-implemented method of abbreviating words of a body of text written in a spoken language, input by a user comprising the steps of:
determining a statistical frequency of all word forms in a predetermined set of texts;
selecting word forms having a statistical frequency above a predetermined level to receive abbreviations;
selecting and assigning, hierarchically, the shortest available abbreviations to the most frequent word forms, by:
assigning for the first most frequent word form, a shortest formulated abbreviation for that word form, which abbreviation is not itself a word in the spoken language; and
assigning, in descending order of most frequent word forms, the shortest formulated abbreviation for that word form, which abbreviation is not itself a word in the spoken language, and which has not been previously assigned to a statistically more frequent word form;
wherein the shortest formulated abbreviation of a word form is selected by performing the following steps, in order, until an abbreviation is available, as follows:
formulating a one-letter abbreviation by truncation;
formulating an abbreviation consisting of a first letter and a last letter of an invariable part of the word form, plus full inflectional or conjugational prefix and suffix, if applicable;
formulating a two-letter abbreviation by truncation;
formulating an abbreviation consisting of the first letter of the invariable part of the word form plus a first consonant after the first letter, plus the last letter of the invariable part of the word form plus full inflectional or conjugational prefix and suffix, if applicable;
formulating a three-letter abbreviation by truncation;
formulating an abbreviation consisting of the first letter of the invariable part of the word form plus the first consonant and a second consonant after the first letter plus the last letter of the invariable part of the word form, plus full inflectional or conjugational prefix and suffix, if applicable; and
formulating a four-letter abbreviation by truncation;
providing a word processing program for typing input by a user;
applying the abbreviations to the body of text; and
outputting the body of text, with word forms replaced with assigned abbreviations to produce a condensed body of text.
7. The computer-implemented method of claim 6 , further comprising:
processing the condensed body of text by replacing abbreviations in the condensed body of text with corresponding word forms to yield the original body of text.
8. The computer-implemented method of claim 6 , wherein the condensed body of text is human readable.
9. The computer-implemented method of claim 6 , further comprising the steps of:
determining a statistical frequency of commonly used phrases in the predetermined set of texts;
selecting commonly used phrases having a statistical frequency above a predetermined level to receive abbreviations;
selecting and temporarily assigning, hierarchically, the shortest available abbreviations to the most frequent selected phrases by:
assigning for the first most frequent phrase, a shortest formulated abbreviation for that phrase, which abbreviation is not itself a word in the spoken language, and which abbreviation has not been previously assigned to a word form;
assigning, in descending order of most frequent phrases, the shortest formulated abbreviation for that phrase, which abbreviation is not itself a word in the spoken language, and which has not been previously assigned to a word form or a statistically more frequent phrase;
wherein the shortest formulated abbreviation of a phrase is selected by performing the following steps, in order, until an abbreviation is available, as follows:
formulating a first phrase abbreviation consisting of the initial letters of every word in the phrase, in order, joined together;
formulating a second phrase abbreviation for phrases comprising a word form having four or more letters consisting of the following, joined together, in order:
for words having three or fewer letters, the initial letter of each word; and
for words having four or more letters, the initial letter of each word and the last letter of each word;
comparing a total character count of the temporarily assigned abbreviation to a total character count of the sum of characters of abbreviations assigned to all of the words in the phrase, if said abbreviations have been previously assigned; and
assigning permanently the temporarily assigned phrase abbreviation only if the total character count of the temporarily assigned abbreviations is less than the total character count of the sum of characters of abbreviations assigned to all of the words in the phrase.
10. A storage device on which a computer program is stored, the computer program comprising program code means that control a computer or another electronic device on which it is run to carry out the computer-implemented method according to claim 6 .
11. A computer or another electronic device that is configured or controlled to carry out the computer-implemented method according to claim 6 .
12. A non-transitory computer-readable medium containing executable instructions configured to carry out the computer-implemented method according to claim 6 .