Switchable reflective circular polarizer in head-mounted display
Disclosed herein are techniques for displaying images on multiple image planes in a near-eye display system. A switchable optical device includes a first polarizer configurable to polarize incident light into light of a first circular polarization state, and a second polarizer configurable to transmit light of a second circular polarization state and reflect light of the first circular polarization state into light of the first circular polarization state. The switchable optical device also includes a partial reflector positioned between the first polarizer and the second polarizer. The partial reflector is configured to transmit light from the first polarizer and reflect light from the second polarizer, where the reflected light and the light from the second polarizer have different polarization states. At least one of the first polarizer or the second polarizer includes a cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) circular polarizer that is switchable by a voltage signal.
1. A folded lens system comprising:
a lens;
a partial reflector; and
a reflective circular polarizer,
wherein:
at least one of the partial reflector or the reflective circular polarizer is coupled to a surface of the lens;
the partial reflector is configured to transmit light in a first circular polarization state from a front side of the partial reflector to the reflective circular polarizer on a back side of the partial reflector;
the reflective circular polarizer is configured to reflect the light in the first circular polarization state from the partial reflector back to the partial reflector and maintain the first circular polarization state of the reflected light;
the partial reflector is further configured to reflect the light in the first circular polarization state and reflected from the reflective circular polarizer back to the reflective circular polarizer as light in a second circular polarization state; and
the reflective circular polarizer is further configured to transmit the light in the second circular polarization state and reflected by the partial reflector and maintain the second circular polarization state of the transmitted light.
2. The folded lens system of claim 1 , wherein the reflective circular polarizer includes a cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) circular polarizer.
3. The folded lens system of claim 2 , wherein the CLC circular polarizer includes a plurality of layers, each layer of the plurality of layers configured to reflect light in a different respective wavelength range and in the first circular polarization state.
4. The folded lens system of claim 3 , wherein each of the plurality of layers includes liquid crystal molecules arranged in a helical structure, the helical structure in each of the plurality of layers having a different respective pitch.
5. The folded lens system of claim 3 , wherein at least two layers of the plurality of layers are doped with different respective chiral dopant materials.
6. The folded lens system of claim 3 , wherein at least two layers of the plurality of layers are doped with a chiral dopant material at different respective dopant concentrations.
7. The folded lens system of claim 2 , wherein the CLC circular polarizer includes liquid crystal molecules arranged in a helical structure, and wherein a pitch of the helical structure varies along a thickness direction of the CLC circular polarizer.
8. The folded lens system of claim 2 , wherein the CLC circular polarizer, upon receiving a voltage signal, transmits both the light in the first circular polarization state and the light in the second circular polarization state.
9. The folded lens system of claim 2 , wherein the CLC circular polarizer includes liquid crystal molecules arranged in a left-handed or a right-handed cholesteric helical structure.
10. The folded lens system of claim 9 , wherein the liquid crystal molecules are configured to align with an electrical field in the CLC circular polarizer.
11. The folded lens system of claim 1 , further comprising an input circular polarizer on the first front side of the partial reflector, wherein the input circular polarizer is configured to polarize light incident on the input circular polarizer into the light in the first circular polarization state.
12. The folded lens system of claim 11 , wherein the input circular polarizer includes a first CLC helical structure in a first handedness.
13. The folded lens system of claim 12 , wherein the reflective circular polarizer includes a second CLC helical structure in a second handedness different from the first handedness.
14. The folded lens system of claim 11 , wherein the input circular polarizer, upon receiving a voltage signal, transmits both the light in the first circular polarization state and the light in the second circular polarization state.
15. The folded lens system of claim 11 , further comprising a light source configured to generate the light incident on the input circular polarizer.
16. An optical device comprising:
a partial reflector; and
a reflective circular polarizer,
wherein:
the partial reflector is configured to transmit light in a first circular polarization state from a front side of the partial reflector to the reflective circular polarizer on a back side of the partial reflector;
the reflective circular polarizer is configured to reflect the light in the first circular polarization state from the partial reflector back to the partial reflector and maintain the first circular polarization state of the reflected light;
the partial reflector is further configured to reflect the light in the first circular polarization state and reflected from the reflective circular polarizer back to the reflective circular polarizer as light in a second circular polarization state; and
the reflective circular polarizer is further configured to transmit the light in the second circular polarization state and reflected by the partial reflector and maintain the second circular polarization state of the transmitted light.
17. The optical device of claim 16 , wherein the reflective circular polarizer includes a plurality of layers, each layer in the plurality of layers configured to reflect light in a different respective wavelength range.
18. The optical device of claim 17 , wherein each of the plurality of layers includes liquid crystal molecules arranged in a helical structure, the helical structure in each of the plurality of layers having a different respective pitch.
19. The optical device of claim 16 , further comprising a refractive optical component, wherein the refractive optical component and the partial reflector are on a same side of the reflective circular polarizer.
20. The optical device of claim 16 , wherein the reflective circular polarizer includes a cholesteric liquid crystal circular polarizer that, upon receiving a voltage signal, transmits both the light in the first circular polarization state and the light in the second circular polarization state.