Hybrid pressure vessel with plastic liner
The innovation described herein generally pertains to a system and method related to a pressure vessel including a tank formed of an injected tank liner with co-injected boss and permeation barrier film surrounded by a layer of thermoplastic composite filament winding and a protective jacket disposed thereon that facilitates stacking and portability of the pressure vessel and provides an air passage for convective heat transfer between the tank and the environment.
1. A pressure vessel, comprising:
a tank, including:
i) a tank liner fabricated from thermoplastic material;
ii) a valve fitting assembly; and
ii) an outer reinforcing layer disposed on the tank liner, the outer reinforcing layer defining at least a portion of an outer surface of the tank; and
a protective jacket adapted to surround and engage the tank, the protective jacket including:
i) an upper support rim defining a top aperture, wherein the valve fitting assembly extends through the top aperture, and the top aperture at least partially defines a first airflow opening that completely encircles the valve fitting assembly;
ii) a lower support rim having a second airflow opening therethrough; and
iii) a substantially cylindrical wall connecting the upper support rim to the lower support rim, the wall defining an inner surface disposed radially outwardly from the outer surface of the tank, the inner surface of the wall and the outer surface of the tank cooperating to define a flow channel in fluid communication with the first airflow opening and the second airflow opening, wherein the first and second airflow openings and flow channel are adapted to permit a convective flow to pass therethrough to facilitate heat transfer between the tank and an environment in which the pressure vessel is situated.
2. The pressure vessel of claim 1 , wherein the tank liner includes a first endcap and a second endcap, wherein the first and second endcaps are injected Polymeric domes circumferentially welded, and having a barrier film to increase impermeability.
3. The pressure vessel of claim 2 , wherein the tank liner further comprises a boss co-injected on one of the first endcap or the second endcap.
4. The pressure vessel of claim 2 , wherein the barrier film includes multiple layers.
5. The pressure vessel of claim 4 , wherein the barrier film includes at least one layer comprising polyethylene, at least one layer comprising polyamide, and a layer comprising ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH).
6. The pressure vessel of claim 5 , wherein the layer comprising EVOH has a thickness greater than or equal to 8 micrometers.
7. The pressure vessel of claim 1 , wherein the protective jacket is separable into at least two sections.
8. The pressure vessel of claim 1 , wherein the protective jacket includes at least one handle and wherein the lower support rim includes a base configured and is adapted to form a non-permanent mating engagement with the at least one handle of another pressure vessel when stacking multiple pressure vessels.
9. The pressure vessel of claim 1 , wherein the outer reinforcing layer includes a thermoplastic matrix with glass fiber reinforcement.
10. The pressure vessel of claim 9 , wherein the thermoplastic material includes polypropylene.
11. The pressure vessel of claim 1 , wherein the tank liner includes a substantially cylindrical tube defining first and second rims and opposing dome shaped first and second endcaps secured to the first and second rims of the tube.
12. The pressure vessel of claim 1 , wherein the tank liner includes opposing dome shaped first and second endcaps secured directly to each other.
13. The pressure vessel of claim 1 , wherein the tank liner includes a co-injected boss for receiving the valve fitting assembly therein.
14. The pressure vessel of claim 1 , wherein the flow channel is substantially annular.
15. A pressure vessel comprising:
a) a tank including a tank liner constructed from a thermoplastic material having a boss co-injected therewith, a valve fitting assembly coupled with the boss, a reinforcing layer disposed on the tank liner, a top region, a bottom region disposed opposite the top region, and a middle region disposed between the top region and the bottom region;
b) a protective jacket surrounding the tank, the protective jacket including an upper support rim that defines a top aperture, wherein the valve fitting assembly extends through the top aperture such that the top aperture at least partially defines a first airflow opening that completely encircles the valve fitting assembly, and the protective jacket further including a second airflow opening in fluid communication with the first airflow opening, wherein the protective jacket is spaced apart radially from the middle region; and
c) a flow channel for directing a downward convective airflow between the middle region of the tank and the protective jacket, wherein the flow channel is in fluid communication with an ambient environment external to the pressure vessel via the first airflow opening and the second airflow opening.