System for the reconstruction of symmetrical body parts
A medical system for assisting in the planning and/or performance of the reconstruction of normally symmetrical body parts of a patient comprises a measuring unit for measuring a first surface and a second surface for determining a topography of the first and second surfaces, a storage unit for storing the determined topographies of the first and second surfaces, an evaluation unit for establishing a mirror image of the stored topography of the first surface and for calculating deviations of the stored topography of the second surface from the first surface mirror image, and a control unit for outputting guidance information for at least one medical instrument on the basis of the calculated deviations of the topography of the second surface, in order to reconstruct the topography of the second surface according to the mirror image of the topography of the first surface.
1. A method for assisting in planning or performing reconstruction of usually symmetrical body parts of a patient, comprising:
measuring a first area and a second area in order to establish a topography of the first area and the second area;
storing topography data of the established topographies of the first area and the second area;
establishing a mirror image of the stored topography of the first area;
calculating deviations between the stored topography of the second area and the mirror image of the stored topography of the first area;
automatically generating guidance information for at least one medical instrument on the basis of said deviations;
outputting the generated guidance information to the at least one medical instrument;
controlling the at least one medical instrument in accordance with the guidance information in order to reconstruct the topography of the second area in accordance with the mirror image of the topography of the first area;
establishing the topography of the second area, at least at representative measurement points, during the reconstruction of the second area; and
adapting the guidance information for the at least one medical instrument on the basis of said topography data of the second area established during the reconstruction of the second area.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one medical instrument is a balloon catheter which, in accordance with the guidance information, is fillable with a work fluid.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , further comprising detecting by at least one sensor an internal pressure or extent of the balloon catheter; and
controlling the filling of the balloon catheter taking into account the internal pressure or extent of the balloon catheter established by the sensor.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein calculating deviations in the topography of the second area from the mirrored topography of the first area is on the basis of individual representative measurement points on the second area.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one medical instrument is an active medical instrument, and the method further comprises controlling the operating state of the active medical instrument in a manner dependent on the position of the active medical instrument from the established topography of the second area.
6. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the balloon catheter comprises a plurality of chambers that are independently fillable with the work fluid.
7. The method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the at least one sensor comprises a first sensor aligned parallel to a longitudinal axis of the balloon catheter and a second sensor aligned across the longitudinal axis of the balloon catheter.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein measuring a first area and a second area is performed with a mechanical sensing device.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the mechanical sensing device comprises a pointer with an instrument handle and an instrument tip for sensing.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein measuring a first area and a second area is performed with an optical sensing device.
11. The method as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the optical sensing device comprises at least one of a laser, a video device, and a photocell.
12. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein establishing a mirror image of the stored topography of the first area comprises automatically identifying a line of symmetry based on one or more images.
13. The method as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the one or more images comprise a stereoscopic recording, a 3D recording, or a tomographic model.
14. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising defining one or more points in the second area as an intact point and deforming the mirror image of the stored topography of the first area based on the one or more intact points.
15. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein calculating deviations between the stored topography of the second area and the mirror image of the stored topography of the first area comprises incorporating a supplemental value representing tissue swelling in the second area.
16. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein generating guidance information for at least one medical instrument comprises determining a correction value based on the calculated deviations between the stored topography of the second area and the mirror image of the stored topography of the first area.