Lenses, devices, systems and methods for refractive error
The present disclosure is directed to lenses, devices, methods and/or systems for addressing refractive error. Certain embodiments are directed to changing or controlling the wavefront of the light entering a human eye. The lenses, devices, methods and/or systems can be used for correcting, addressing, mitigating or treating refractive errors and provide excellent vision at distances encompassing far to near without significant ghosting. The refractive error may for example arise from myopia, hyperopia, or presbyopia with or without astigmatism. Certain disclosed embodiments of lenses, devices and/or methods include embodiments that address foveal and/or peripheral vision. Exemplary of lenses in the fields of certain embodiments include contact lenses, corneal onlays, corneal inlays, and lenses for intraocular devices both anterior and posterior chamber, accommodating intraocular lenses, electro-active spectacle lenses and/or refractive surgery.
1. A lens for an eye comprising:
an optical axis; and
at least two surfaces;
wherein the lens has at least one power profile, the power profile is configured such that the absolute of a first derivative of the power profile has at least 5 peaks whose absolute amplitude is greater than 0.025 with units of 1 D per 0.01 mm along its half-chord, and
wherein the power profile has the following characteristics across half-chord diameters:
(i) a moving average that either increases with diameter and then decreases, or decreases with diameter and then increases, wherein the moving average is calculated over a window of 1 mm from on-axis to about 4 mm, and the average value is calculated across the range of on-axis to 1 mm, and recalculated at intervals selected from the group of 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm or 0.6 mm; and/or
(ii) transitions between local minima and maxima within a 1 mm change of radius at least 4 times across a 4 mm of the half-chord or transitions at least 6 times across a 4 mm of the half-chord or with transitions at least 8 times across the 4 mm radius range or at least 12 times across the 4 mm radius range or at least 15 times; and/or
(iii) transitions smoothly out to a radius selected from the group of at least 3 mm, at least 3.5 mm and at least 4 mm.
2. The lens of claim 1 , wherein the power profile comprises the following characteristics: the refractive power on-axis power differs from a prescription power by at least about 0.7 D or by at least about 1.5 D.
3. The lens of claim 1 , wherein the power profile comprises the following characteristics: the difference between a global maximum and global minimum power is between approximately 1.5 to 2.5 times the difference between any adjacent local minimum and local maximum within a radius of about 2.5 mm.
4. The lens of claim 1 , wherein the power profile provides a RIQ that degrades in the direction of eye growth for on-axis vision.
5. The lens of claim 1 , wherein the power profile provides a RIQ that improves in the direction of eye growth.
6. The lens of claim 1 , wherein the lens is configured at least in part on an aberration profile associated with the optical axis, and/or wherein the lens has an aberration profile comprised of a defocus term and at least two spherical aberration terms.
7. The lens of claim 1 , wherein the lens is a multifocal or bifocal, and/or wherein the substantial portion of the half-chord is 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95% of the half-chord.