Boil-off gas re-liquefying system
A system for reliquefying a boil off gas generated in a storage tank includes a first compressor compressing a partial amount (hereinafter, referred to as ‘fluid a’) of boil off gas discharged from the storage tank, a second compressor compressing another partial amount (hereinafter, referred to as ‘fluid b’) of boil off gas discharged from the storage tank, a second expanding unit expanding a partial amount (hereinafter, referred to as ‘fluid c’) of a flow formed as the fluid a and the fluid b join, a heat-exchanger cooling another partial amount (hereinafter, referred to as ‘fluid d’) of the flow formed as the fluid a and the fluid b join, and a first expanding unit expanding the fluid d cooled by the heat-exchanger, wherein the heat-exchanger heat-exchanges the fluid d with the fluid c as a coolant expanded by the second expanding unit to cool the fluid d.
1. A method of operating a ship having a main compressor, a redundancy compressor, at least one propulsion engine, and a tank containing liquefied gas, the method comprising:
supplying, to either or both of the main compressor and the redundancy compressor, boil-off gas (BOG) discharged from the tank via a BOG supply line;
compressing at least part of the BOG from the BOG supply line to provide a compressed BOG,
splitting the compressed BOG a first flow for consumption at the at least one propulsion engine, a second flow for re-liquefying to return to the tank, and a third flow for cooling the second flow prior to returning to the tank;
supplying the first flow of compressed BOG to the at least one propulsion engine of the ship for consumption;
processing the second flow of compressed BOG for liquefying at least part of the second flow to provide a liquefied flow for returning to the tank; and
processing the third flow of compressed BOG, which comprises:
expanding the third flow at a first expander,
subsequently, at a first heat exchanger, heat-exchanging the third flow with the second flow to cool the second flow, and
subsequently, supplying back to either or both of the main compressor and the redundancy compressor,
wherein the second flow for re-liquefaction depends upon an amount of BOG discharge from the tank and also depends an amount of BOG consumption at the at least one propulsion engine,
wherein an amount of BOG generation within the tank depends upon a level of the liquefied gas contained in the tank, and the maximum amount of the BOG generation occurs when the liquefied gas is at its maximum level in the tank,
wherein the ship is designed
such that neither of the main compressor and the redundancy compressor has a capacity to compress the maximum amount of BOG generation, and
such that the main compressor and the redundancy compressor are installed in parallel with each other and, when running, configured to receive at least part of the BOG discharged from the tank and to provide at least part of the compressed BOG,
such that the boil-off gas discharged from the tank is compressed by either or both of the main compressor and the redundancy compressor based on the second flow,
in which, when the second flow for re-liquefaction exceeds a predetermined value, the redundancy compressor compresses a portion of the boil-off gas discharged from the tank along with the main compressor,
in which, when the second flow for re-liquefaction does not exceed the predetermined value, the redundancy compressor does not run and the main compressor compresses the boil-off gas discharged from the tank.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the main compressor and the redundancy compressor have the same compressing capacity.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the main compressor and the redundancy compressor have substantially the same compressing capacity.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first flow of compressed boil-off gas is supplied to the propulsion engine at a pressure level in a range between 10 bar and 100 bar.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein processing the second flow comprises:
heat-exchanging, at the first heat exchanger, the second flow with the third flow to cool the second flow;
subsequently expanding the second flow at a second expander to liquefy the at least part of the second flow;
subsequently separating liquid from gas at a separator for providing the liquefied flow and a gaseous flow; and
subsequently sending the liquefied flow to the tank and sending the gaseous flow to the boil-off gas supply line for supplying back to either or both of the main compressor and the redundancy compressor.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising:
prior to cooling the second flow at the first heat exchanger, heat-exchanging the second flow, at a second heat exchanger, with the boil-off gas flowing the boil-off gas supply line.