Inductive heating device for heating an aerosol-forming substrate
An inductive heating device ( 1 ) comprises a device housing ( 10 ) a DC power source ( 11 ), a power supply electronics ( 13 ) comprising a DC/AC inverter ( 132 ) including a Class-E power amplifier with a transistor switch ( 1320 ), a transistor switch driver circuit ( 1322 ), and an LC load network ( 1323 ) configured to operate at low ohmic load ( 1324 ), the LC load network ( 1323 ) comprising a shunt capacitor (C 1 ) and a series connection of a capacitor (C 2 ) and an inductor (L 2 ), and a cavity ( 14 ) arranged in the device housing ( 10 ), the cavity ( 14 ) having an internal surface shaped to accommodate at least a portion of the aerosol-forming substrate ( 20 ), wherein the cavity ( 14 ) is arranged such that the inductor (L 2 ) is inductively coupled to the susceptor ( 21 ) of the aerosol-forming substrate ( 20 ) during operation.
1. An inductive heating device for heating an aerosol-forming substrate, the inductive heating device comprising:
a device housing
a DC power source having a DC supply voltage,
a power supply electronics configured to operate at a frequency in a range of 1 MHz to 30 MHz, the power supply electronics comprising a DC/AC inverter connected to the DC power source, the DC/AC inverter including a Class-E power amplifier including a transistor switch, a transistor switch driver circuit, and an LC load network configured to operate at an ohmic load smaller than 2 Ohms, wherein the LC load network comprises a shunt capacitor and a series connection of a capacitor and an inductor having an ohmic resistance, and
a cavity arranged in the device housing, the cavity having an internal surface shaped to accommodate at least a portion of the aerosol-forming substrate wherein, when the portion of the aerosol-forming substrate is accommodated in the cavity, the inductor of the LC load network is configured to inductively couple to a susceptor positioned within the aerosol-forming substrate to heat the aerosol-forming substrate during operation,
wherein the device is configured for heating a tobacco-laden solid aerosol-forming substrate,
wherein the inductor is embedded in a radially outermost wall of the device housing at the proximal end of the device housing to surround the cavity which is also arranged at the proximal end of the device housing.
2. The inductive heating device according to claim 1 , wherein the DC supply voltage of the DC power source is in the range of 2.5 Volts to 4.5 Volts, and wherein the DC supply amperage of the DC power source is in the range of 2.5 Amperes to 5 Amperes.
3. The inductive heating device according to claim 1 , wherein the total volume of the power supply electronics is equal to or smaller than 2 cm 3 .
4. The inductive heating device according to claim 1 , wherein the inductor of the LC load network comprises a helically wound cylindrical inductor coil having an oblong shape and defining an inner volume in the range of 0.15 cm 3 to 1.10 cm 3 , and wherein the helically wound cylindrical inductor coil is positioned on or adjacent the internal surface of the cavity.
5. The inductive heating device according to claim 1 , wherein the device housing has a substantially cylindrical shape with the cavity being arranged at the proximal end of the device housing and with the DC power source being arranged at the distal end of the device housing, and wherein the power supply electronics is arranged between the DC power source and the cavity.
6. The inductive heating device according to claim 1 , wherein the DC power source comprises a rechargeable DC battery.
7. The inductive heating device according to claim 1 , wherein the power supply electronics further comprises a microcontroller which is programmed to interrupt generation of AC power by the DC/AC inverter as the temperature of the susceptor positioned within the aerosol-forming substrate has exceeded a Curie temperature of the susceptor during operation, and which is programmed to resume generation of AC power as the temperature of the susceptor has cooled down below this Curie temperature again.
8. The inductive heating device according to claim 1 , wherein the class E power amplifier has an output impedance and wherein the power supply electronics further comprises a matching network for matching the output impedance of the class E power amplifier to the ohmic load.
9. The inductive heating device according to claim 1 , wherein the aerosol-forming substrate comprises the susceptor, and wherein the inductor of the LC load network is configured to inductively couple to the susceptor of the aerosol-forming substrate during operation.
10. The inductive heating device according to claim 1 , wherein the power supply electronics are configured such that a rise of a transistor voltage of the transistor switch is delayed until after a current through the transistor switch is reduced to zero, the transistor voltage of the transistor switch is returned to zero before the current through the transistor switch begins to rise, the transistor voltage at a turn-on time is set such that turning on the transistor switch does not discharge the shunt capacitor, and a slope of the transistor voltage of the transistor switch is zero at the turn-on time.
11. An inductive heating system comprising:
an inductive heating device according to claim 1 and a smoking article including an aerosol-forming substrate and a filter immediately adjacent to the aerosol-forming substrate, at least a portion of the aerosol-forming substrate being accommodated in the cavity of the inductive heating device with a susceptor positioned within the aerosol-forming substrate, such that the inductor of the LC load network of the DC/AC inverter of the inductive heating device is inductively coupled to the susceptor positioned within the aerosol-forming substrate to heat the aerosol-forming substrate during operation, wherein the aerosol-forming substrate of the smoking article is a tobacco-laden solid aerosol-forming substrate, wherein the filter of the aerosol-forming substrate extends out of the cavity and past the proximal end of the device housing.
12. The inductive heating system according to claim 11 , wherein the smoking article is a cylindrical shape with a constant diameter.
13. A method of operating an inductive heating system, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a DC power source having a DC supply voltage,
providing a power supply electronics configured to operate at a frequency in a range of 1 MHz to 30 MHz, the power supply electronics comprising a DC/AC inverter connected to the DC power source, the DC/AC inverter including a Class-E power amplifier including a transistor switch, a transistor switch driver circuit, and an LC load network configured to operate at an ohmic load smaller than 2 MHz, wherein the LC load network comprises a shunt capacitor and a series connection of a capacitor and an inductor having an ohmic resistance,
providing a cavity in a device housing capable of accommodating at least a portion of an aerosol-forming substrate, the cavity being arranged such that upon accommodation of the portion of the aerosol-forming substrate in the cavity the inductor of the LC load network is inductively coupled to a susceptor positioned within the aerosol-forming substrate, and
providing an aerosol-forming substrate and inserting at least a portion of the aerosol-forming substrate into the cavity such that the inductor of the LC load network is inductively coupled to the susceptor positioned within the aerosol-forming substrate,
wherein the aerosol-forming substrate is a tobacco-laden solid aerosol-forming substrate of a smoking article, and
wherein the inductor is embedded in a radially outermost wall of the device housing at the proximal end of the device housing to surround the cavity which is also arranged at the proximal end of the device housing.
14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the DC power source is a rechargeable battery, and wherein the method further comprises the step of charging the rechargeable battery prior to inserting the portion of the aerosol-forming substrate into the cavity.
15. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the aerosol-forming substrate comprises the susceptor, and wherein the inductor of the LC load network is configured to inductively couple to the susceptor of the aerosol-forming substrate during operation.
16. The method according to claim 13 , further comprising controlling the power supply electronics such that a rise of a transistor voltage of the transistor switch is delayed until after a current through the transistor switch is reduced to zero, the transistor voltage of the transistor switch is returned to zero before the current through the transistor switch begins to rise, the transistor voltage at a turn-on time is set such that turning on the transistor switch does not discharge the shunt capacitor, and a slope of the transistor voltage of the transistor switch is zero at the turn-on time.
17. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the smoking article includes a filter immediately adjacent to the aerosol-forming substrate, and the filter extends out of the cavity and past the proximal end of the device housing.
18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the smoking article has a cylindrical shape with a constant diameter.
19. A kit comprising an inductive heating device according to claim 1 and an aerosol-forming substrate, the inductive heating device and the aerosol-forming substrate being configured such that in operation at least a portion of the aerosol-forming substrate is accommodated in the cavity of the inductive heating device with a susceptor positioned within the aerosol-forming substrate, such that the inductor of the LC load network of the DC/AC inverter of the inductive heating device is inductively coupled to the susceptor positioned within the aerosol-forming substrate,
wherein the aerosol-forming substrate is a tobacco-laden solid aerosol-forming substrate of a smoking article.
20. The kit according to claim 19 , wherein the smoking article includes a filter immediately adjacent to the aerosol-forming substrate, and the filter extends out of the cavity and past the proximal end of the device housing.
21. The kit according to claim 20 , wherein the smoking article has a cylindrical shape with a constant diameter.