Graphene entrainment in a host
This is generally a method of producing graphene-containing suspensions of flakes of high quality graphene/graphite oxides and method of producing graphene/graphite oxides. Both the exfoliating graphite into flakes and oxidizing the graphite flakes and the preparation and suspension of the flakes can be done with high volume production and at a low cost.
1. A method of entraining graphene in a bonding host comprising:
preparing graphene flakes with a surface area to thickness ratio greater than 300 Angstroms, and thickness of less than 160 Angstroms, wherein the graphene flakes have no substantial physical surface distortions, have a surface polarity, and have only edge oxidation;
preparing a polar or nonpolar fluid having the same polarity as the graphene flakes;
mixing the graphene flakes in the polar or nonpolar fluid, wherein a distribution of the graphene flakes in the polar or nonpolar fluid is uniform;
adding a bonding host, wherein surfaces of the graphene flakes have the same polarity as the bonding host;
entraining the graphene flakes in the bonding host in a partial or full vacuum to prevent incorporation of gases into the bonding host; and
applying one or more dynamic magnetic fields to enhance orientation of the graphene flakes in the bonding host.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surface area to thickness ratio of 95% of the graphene flakes is greater than 300 Angstroms.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a maximum dimension of the graphene flakes is between 220 Angstroms and 100 microns.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the preparing the graphene flakes comprises mechanically exfoliating graphite into the graphene flakes in a an Attrition mill or a ball mill.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the graphene flakes are substantially flat, the polar or nonpolar fluid is water, and the mixed substantially flat graphene flakes and the water are substantially limited to the substantially flat graphene flakes and the water.