Methods for cross-linking thermoplastic polyurethane covers for golf balls
Golf balls having covers made of thermoplastic polyurethane compositions are provided. Multi-piece golf balls can be made. In one embodiment, the outer cover layer is formed from a composition comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane and multi-functional hydroxyl compound. Mixtures of multi-functional amines and imines, and multi-functional isocyanates, and solvent, can be applied to the outer cover to form at least a partially cross-linked cover. The cover composition can further include catalysts, ultraviolet (UV)-light stabilizers, and other additives. The coating methods have many benefits and the finished balls have good physical properties.
1. A method for treating a cover for a golf ball, comprising the steps of:
providing a golf ball sub-assembly comprising at least one core layer and an intermediate layer, the core layer comprising a rubber composition and the intermediate layer comprising an ethylene acid copolymer ionomer composition;
forming an outer cover layer over the sub-assembly, wherein the outer cover layer is formed from a composition comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane and multi-functional hydroxyl compound; and
applying a mixture comprising: i) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of multi-functional amines and imines, and multi-functional isocyanates; and ii) solvent, to the outer cover to form at least a partially cross-linked cover for the golf ball.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the rubber composition comprises a rubber selected from the group consisting of polybutadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, polyisoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, polyalkenamer rubber, and mixtures thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ethylene acid copolymer ionomer composition contains acid groups such that at least 70% of the acid groups in the composition are neutralized.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-functional hydroxyl compound is selected from the group consisting of polyether polyols, hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene, polyester polyols, polycaprolactone polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyl-functional acrylics, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, starch-based polymers, cellulosic polymers, polylactic acid, and mixtures thereof.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-functional isocyanate is selected from the group consisting of 4,4-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate; 2,4′-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate; toluene 2,4-diisocyanate; toluene 2,6-diisocyanate; 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate; p-phenylene diisocyanate; and isophorone diisocyanate; and homopolymers and copolymers and blends thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-functional imine is polyaziridine.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-functional amine is selected from the group consisting of diethylene toluene diamine, mono or di-isopropanolamine, methy diethanol amine, methylene-bis-chloro diethylaniline, and mixtures thereof.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polyurethane composition further comprises an ultraviolet (UV) light stabilizer.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polyurethane composition further comprises a catalyst.
10. A golf ball having an outer cover produced by the method of claim 1 .
11. A method for treating a cover for a golf ball, comprising the steps of:
providing a golf ball sub-assembly comprising at least one core layer and an intermediate layer, the core layer comprising a rubber composition and the intermediate layer comprising an ionomer composition selected from the group consisting of salts of O/X- and O/X/Y-type acid copolymers and mixtures thereof, wherein O is an α-olefin, X is a C 3 -C 8 α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, and Y is a softening monomer;
forming an outer cover layer over the sub-assembly, wherein the outer cover layer is formed from a composition comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane and multi-functional hydroxyl compound; and
applying a mixture comprising: i) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of multi-functional amines and imines, and multi-functional isocyanates; and ii) solvent, to the outer cover to form at least a partially cross-linked cover for the golf ball.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein in the O/X- and O/X/Y-type acid copolymers, O is selected from the group consisting of ethylene and propylene; X is selected from the group consisting of methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, ethacrylic acid, crotonic acid, and itaconic acid; and Y is selected from the group consisting of (meth) acrylate and alkyl (meth) acrylates, wherein the alkyl groups have from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the rubber composition comprises a rubber selected from the group consisting of polybutadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, polyisoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, polyalkenamer rubber, and mixtures thereof.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the O/X- and O/X/Y-type acid copolymers contain acid groups such that at least 70% of the acid groups in the composition are neutralized.
15. A golf ball having an outer cover formed by the method of claim 11 .