Monomers from biomass
Compounds derived from biomass, e.g., cellulose and lignins, methods of forming such compounds and polymers and products formed using such compounds.
1. A compound according to formula II:
wherein both G′ and CT′ are independently
and where a is 1, 2 or 3; and b and c are independently 0, 1, 2, or 3.
2. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of b and c in both G 1 and G 2 are 0.
3. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein only one of b and c in both G 1 and G 2 are 0.
4. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the structure of G 1 and G 2 are the same.
5. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula II is selected from:
6. A compound according to formula II:
wherein one of G 1 and G 2 is —(CH 2 ) d OH, wherein d is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, and the other of G 1 and G 2 is
where a is 1, 2 or 3; and b and c are independently 0, 1, 2, or 3,
—(CH 2 ) d OH where d is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, or
—(CH 2 ) e COOH where e is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.
7. The compound according to claim 6 , wherein one of G 1 and G 2 is —(CH 2 ) d OH, wherein d is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, and the other of G 1 and G 2 is
8. The compound according to claim 6 , wherein the compound of formula II is:
9. A compound according to formula II:
wherein both G 1 and G 2 are independently —(CH 2 ) e COOH where e is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5,
with the caveat that if both G 1 and G 2 are —(CH 2 ) e COOH and one of e is 2 then the other e is not 0 or 2 and with the caveat that the compound according to formula II is asymmetric.
10. The compound according to claim 9 , wherein the compound of formula II is selected from:
11. The compound according to claim 1 derived from cellulose, hemicellulose or a combination thereof.
12. The compound according to claim 1 derived from fructose, cellulose, hemicellulose or a combination thereof.
13. The compound according to claim 12 , wherein the fructose is dehydrated to form 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF).
14. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula II is polymerized.
15. The compound according to claim 14 , wherein the polymerization comprises free radical polymerization.
16. The compound according to claim 14 , wherein the polymer is a nylon, a polyester, a polyurethane, a polyamide, or a combination thereof.
17. The compound according to claim 14 , wherein the polymer can be used as an adhesive, a plastic, a thermoplastic, a gel, a coating, a film, or any combination thereof.
18. The compound according to claim 6 , derived from cellulose, hemicellulose or a combination thereof.
19. The compound according to claim 6 derived from fructose, cellulose, hemicellulose or a combination thereof.
20. The compound according to claim 19 , wherein the fructose is dehydrated to form 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF).
21. The compound according to claim 6 , wherein the compound of formula II is polymerized.
22. The compound according to claim 21 , wherein the polymerization comprises free radical polymerization.
23. The compound according to claim 21 , wherein the polymer is a nylon, a polyester, a polyurethane, a polyamide, or a combination thereof.
24. The compound according to claim 21 , wherein the polymer can be used as an adhesive, a plastic, a thermoplastic, a gel, a coating, a film, or any combination thereof.
25. The compound according to claim 9 , derived from cellulose, hemicellulose or a combination thereof.
26. The compound according to claim 9 derived from fructose, cellulose, hemicellulose or a combination thereof.
27. The compound according to claim 26 , wherein the fructose is dehydrated to form 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF).
28. The compound according to claim 9 , wherein the compound of formula II is polymerized.
29. The compound according to claim 28 , wherein the polymerization comprises free radical polymerization.
30. The compound according to claim 28 , wherein the polymer is a nylon, a polyester, a polyurethane, a polyamide, or a combination thereof.
31. The compound according to claim 28 , wherein the polymer can be used as an adhesive, a plastic, a thermoplastic, a gel, a coating, a film, or any combination thereof.