Patient-specific medical procedures and devices, and associated systems and methods
Systems and methods for designing and implementing patient-specific surgical procedures and/or medical devices are disclosed. In some embodiments, a method includes receiving a patient data set of a patient. The patient data set is compared to a plurality of reference patient data sets, wherein each of the plurality of reference patient data sets is associated with a corresponding reference patient. A subset of the plurality of reference patient data sets is selected based, at least partly, on similarity to the patient data set and treatment outcome of the corresponding reference patient. Based on the selected subset, at least one surgical procedure or medical device design for treating the patient is generated.
1. A computer-implemented method for designing a patient-specific orthopedic implant, the method comprising:
receiving a patient data set of a patient, the patient data set including spinal pathology data for the patient;
comparing the patient data set to a plurality of reference patient data sets to identify one or more similar patient data sets in the plurality of reference patient data sets, wherein each similar patient data set corresponds to a reference patient that (a) has similar spinal pathology data as the patient and (b) received treatment with a respective orthopedic implant;
selecting a subset of the one or more similar patient data sets, wherein each similar patient data set of the selected subset includes data indicating that the treatment with the respective orthopedic implant received by the reference patient produced a favorable treatment outcome;
identifying, for at least one similar patient data set of the selected subset, design data for the respective orthopedic implant and surgical procedure data for a surgical procedure for implanting the respective orthopedic implant in the corresponding reference patient;
generating, based on the design data and the surgical procedure data, a design for the patient-specific orthopedic implant and a surgical procedure for implanting the patient-specific orthopedic implant in the patient; and
outputting fabrication instructions configured to cause an additive manufacturing system to manufacture the patient-specific orthopedic implant according to the generated design.
2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of reference patient data sets includes spinal pathology data representing one or more of lumbar lordosis, Cobb angle, pelvic incidence, disc height, segment flexibility, bone quality, rotational displacement, or treatment level of the spine.
3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the comparing comprises:
generating, for each reference patient data set, a similarity score based on a comparison of the spinal pathology data of the patient data set and spinal pathology data of the reference patient data set, and
identifying the one or more similar patient data sets based, at least partly, on the similarity score.
4. The computer-implemented method of claim 3 , wherein the similarity score represents a statistical correlation between the patient data set and the reference patient data set.
5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the data indicative of the favorable treatment outcome includes data representing one or more of corrected anatomical metrics, presence of fusion, health related quality of life, activity level, or complications.
6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the surgical procedure data includes data representing one or more of a surgical approach, a corrective maneuver, a bony resection, or implant placement.
7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the design for the patient-specific orthopedic implant includes data representing one or more of physical properties, mechanical properties, or biological properties of the patient-specific orthopedic implant.
8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the generating is performed, at least partly, by a trained machine learning model.
9. The computer-implemented method of claim 8 , wherein the trained machine learning model is configured to:
determine, based on the surgical procedure data and the design data, a plurality of surgical procedures and a corresponding plurality of orthopedic implant designs for treating the patient,
calculate, for each of the plurality of surgical procedures and each of the corresponding plurality of orthopedic implant designs, a probability of achieving a target treatment outcome for the patient, and
select at least one of the plurality of surgical procedures and at least one of the corresponding plurality of orthopedic implant designs, based, at least partly, on the calculated probability of achieving the target treatment outcome.
10. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the fabrication instructions comprise a three-dimensional model of the design for the patient-specific orthopedic implant.
11. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising determining an implant delivery instrument for use in the surgical procedure for implanting the patient-specific orthopedic implanting the patient.
12. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising generating control instructions configured to cause a surgical robot to perform, at least partly, the surgical procedure for implanting the patient-specific orthopedic implant in the patient.
13. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by a computing system, cause the computing system to perform operations comprising:
receiving a patient data set of a patient, the patient data set including spinal pathology data for the patient;
comparing the patient data set to a plurality of prior patient data sets to identify one or more similar patient data sets in the plurality of prior patient data sets, wherein each similar patient data set corresponds to a prior patient that (a) has similar spinal pathology data as the patient and (b) received treatment with a respective orthopedic implant;
selecting a subset of the one or more similar patient data sets, wherein each similar patient data set of the selected subset is associated with data indicating that the treatment with the respective orthopedic implant received b the prior patient produced a desired treatment outcome;
determining, for each similar patient data set of the selected subset, design data for the respective orthopedic implant and procedure data for a surgical procedure for implanting the respective orthopedic implant in the corresponding prior patient;
generating, based on the design data and the procedure data, a design for a personalized orthopedic implant for the patient and a personalized surgical procedure for implanting the personalized orthopedic implant in the patient; and
causing the personalized orthopedic implant to be fabricated according to the generated design.
14. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 13 , wherein the operations further comprise inputting the design data and the procedure data into a trained machine learning model.
15. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 14 , wherein the operations further comprise using the trained machine learning model to calculate a likelihood of achieving a desired treatment outcome associated with personalized orthopedic implant.
16. A system for designing a customized orthopedic implant for a patient, the system comprising:
one or more processors; and
a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the system to perform operations comprising:
receiving a patient data set of a patient, the patient data set including spinal pathology data for the patient;
comparing the patient data set to a plurality of reference patient data sets, wherein each of the plurality of reference patient data sets is associated with a corresponding reference patient that received treatment with a respective orthopedic implant;
selecting a subset of the plurality of reference patient data sets based, at least partly, on similarity to the patient data set and treatment outcome of the corresponding reference patient, wherein the corresponding reference patient (a) had similar spinal pathology data as the patient and (b) exhibited a favorable treatment outcome from the treatment with the respective orthopedic implant;
generating, based on the selected subset, a design for the customized orthopedic implant; and
transmitting fabrication instructions for an additive manufacturing system configured to manufacture the customized orthopedic implant according to the generated design.
17. The system of claim 16 , further comprising a user device configured to display information relating to the design of the customized orthopedic implant.
18. The system of claim 16 , wherein the system is operably coupled, via a communication network, to one or more databases storing the reference patient data sets.
19. The system of claim 16 , further comprising the additive manufacturing system.
20. The system of claim 19 , wherein the additive manufacturing system is configured to manufacture the customized orthopedic implant using one or more of 3D printing, stereolithography, digital light processing, fused deposition modeling, selective laser sintering, selective laser melting, electronic beam melting, laminated object manufacturing, powder bed printing, thermoplastic printing, direct material deposition, or inkjet photo resin printing.