Vent arrangement for patient interface
A vent assembly for use with a respiratory mask of the type used in CPAP treatment includes a porous disk portion that is attached to a biasing member such that the disk portion is maintained in a substantially sealed position against a main vent to minimize airflow through at least one side vent of the vent assembly. Debris build-up on the disk portion can cause the biasing member to deflect to provide an additional path for airflow through the at least one side vent. In another embodiment, the vent assembly can also include an anti-asphyxia feature to provide an airflow path from the environment to the user. An oxygen diverter valve may be disposed between the breathing apparatus flow generator and an oxygen injection port.
1. A respiratory mask system for treatment of a patient having a breathing disorder, the mask system comprising:
a mask having a mask cushion to contact a patient's face, and a shell coupled to the mask cushion, the mask at least partially forming a cavity for receiving breathable gas in a pressure range suitable for treatment of sleep apnea while the patient is sleeping;
headgear configured to maintain the mask in a position on a patient's head in use; and
a vent assembly to allow gas to exhaust to ambient atmosphere, the vent assembly having:
a first vent portion being open to the ambient atmosphere and being disposed a first distance from the cavity, and
a second vent portion being open to the ambient atmosphere and being disposed a second distance from the cavity,
wherein the first and second vent portions are always open to the ambient atmosphere,
wherein the first distance from the cavity to the ambient atmosphere through the first vent portion is shorter than the second distance from the cavity to the ambient atmosphere through the second vent portion, and
wherein a first airflow through the first vent portion is greater than a second airflow through the second vent portion when the first vent portion and the second vent portion are open to the ambient atmosphere at the same time.
2. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein the first distance is a first airflow path distance and the second distance is a second airflow path distance.
3. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein, in use of the mask system, a total combined airflow through the first vent portion and the second vent portion remains substantially constant over time.
4. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein, in use of the mask system, carbon dioxide exhaled by the patient is exhausted out of the cavity through the first vent portion and/or the second vent portion.
5. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein the mask is a nasal only mask, a nose-mouth mask, a full-face mask, nasal prongs, or nasal pillows.
6. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , further comprising an anti-asphyxia valve, wherein a position of the anti-asphyxia valve does not prevent airflow through the first vent portion and does not prevent airflow through the second vent portion when breathable gas is delivered to the cavity in the pressure range suitable for treatment of sleep apnea.
7. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein the second vent portion includes more than one opening.
8. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein the first vent portion and the second vent portion have different sizes.
9. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein at a first point in time, a first non-zero volumetric flow rate from the cavity to the ambient atmosphere through the first vent portion is greater than a second non-zero volumetric flow rate from the cavity to the ambient atmosphere through the second vent portion.
10. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , further comprising an air inlet in fluid communication with the cavity and configured to receive the breathable gas, and an elbow extending from the air inlet and adapted to connect to an air delivery conduit coupled to a flow generator.
11. The respiratory mask system of claim 10 , wherein the second vent portion is positioned adjacent to the air inlet.
12. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein a time t1 for the gas in the cavity to exhaust through the first vent portion is less than a time t2 for the gas in the cavity to exhaust from second vent portion.
13. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein the first vent portion is an orifice through the mask.
14. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein the volume of the mask remains substantially constant while in use.
15. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein the headgear is configured to maintain the vent assembly in a position on a patient's head in use.
16. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein the headgear is coupled to the shell.
17. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein:
the mask is a nose and mouth mask and is configured to deliver the breathable gas to a nose and a mouth of the patient;
the first vent portion and the second vent portion are configured to provide continuous communication between the ambient atmosphere and the cavity;
an anti-asphyxia valve is coupled to the mask and a position of the anti-asphyxia valve does not prevent airflow through the first vent portion and does not prevent airflow through the second vent portion when the breathable gas is delivered;
an air inlet is in fluid communication with the cavity and is configured to receive the breathable gas, and an elbow extends from the air inlet and is adapted to connect to an air delivery conduit coupled to a flow generator, the second vent portion is positioned adjacent to the air inlet; and
in use of the mask system, carbon dioxide exhaled by the patient is exhausted out of the cavity through the first vent portion and/or the second vent portion.
18. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein:
the mask is a nasal only mask;
the first vent portion and the second vent portion are configured to provide continuous communication between the ambient atmosphere and the cavity;
the first vent portion is disposed proximate to the patient's nose;
an air inlet is in fluid communication with the cavity and is configured to receive the breathable gas, and an elbow extends from the air inlet and is adapted to connect to an air delivery conduit coupled to a flow generator, the second vent portion is positioned adjacent to the air inlet; and
in use of the mask system, carbon dioxide exhaled by the patient is exhausted out of the cavity through the first vent portion and/or the second vent portion.
19. The respiratory mask system of claim 1 , wherein:
nasal pillows are the mask;
the first vent portion and the second vent portion are configured to provide continuous communication between the ambient atmosphere and the cavity;
the first vent portion is disposed proximate to the patient's nose;
an air inlet is in fluid communication with the cavity and is configured to receive the breathable gas, and an elbow extends from the air inlet and is adapted to connect to an air delivery conduit coupled to a flow generator, the second vent portion is positioned adjacent to the air inlet; and
in use of the mask system, carbon dioxide exhaled by the patient is exhausted out of the cavity through the first vent portion and/or the second vent portion.
20. A system comprising:
the respiratory mask system of claim 1 ;
a flow generator configured to output a pressurized fluid; and
a conduit connected to the mask and the flow generator, the conduit transporting the pressurized fluid from the flow generator to the cavity.
21. The system of claim 20 , further comprising an elbow inserted into an inlet of the respiratory mask system, the conduit including a first end coupled to the elbow and a second end coupled to the flow generator.
22. A respiratory mask system for treatment of a patient having a breathing disorder, the mask system comprising:
a mask having a mask cushion to contact a patient's face, and a shell coupled to the mask cushion, the mask at least partially forming a cavity for receiving breathable gas in a pressure range suitable for treatment of sleep apnea while the patient is sleeping;
headgear configured to maintain the mask in a position on a patient's head in use; and
a vent assembly to allow gas to exhaust to atmosphere, the vent assembly having a first vent portion, and a second vent portion spaced apart from the first vent portion, wherein the first vent portion and the second vent portion are always open, and provide continuous communication between the atmosphere and the cavity;
wherein, in use of the mask system:
a total combined airflow through the first vent portion and the second vent portion remains substantially constant over time, and
airflow through the first vent portion is greater than airflow through the second vent portion at a first point in time.
23. A respiratory mask system for treatment of a patient having a breathing disorder, the mask system comprising:
a mask having a mask cushion to contact a patient's face, and a shell coupled to the mask cushion, the mask at least partially forming a cavity for receiving breathable gas in a pressure range suitable for treatment of sleep apnea while the patient is sleeping;
headgear configured to maintain the mask in a position on a patient's head in use; and
a vent assembly to allow gas to exhaust to atmosphere, the vent assembly having a first vent portion, and a second vent portion spaced apart from the first vent portion,
wherein, in use of the mask system:
a total combined airflow through the first vent portion and the second vent portion remains substantially constant over time, and
airflow through the first vent portion is greater than airflow through the second vent portion at a first point in time, wherein airflow through the first vent portion further increases while airflow through the second vent portion decreases when there is an obstruction in a flow path through the second vent portion.
24. The respiratory mask system of claim 22 , wherein a ratio of airflow through the first vent portion compared to the second vent portion is variable over time.
25. The respiratory mask system of claim 22 , further comprising a plurality of holes configured to allow exhaled gas to pass in order to exit the mask through the first vent portion.
26. The respiratory mask system of claim 22 , wherein a first exhale distance to atmosphere from the cavity to the first vent portion is less than a second exhale distance to atmosphere from the cavity to the second vent portion.
27. The respiratory mask system of claim 22 , wherein exhaled air is the gas exhausted through the first vent portion and the second vent portion.
28. The respiratory mask system of claim 22 , wherein the mask is a nasal mask, a nose-mouth mask, a full-face mask, nasal prongs, or nasal pillows.
29. The respiratory mask system of claim 22 , wherein a first distance from the cavity to ambient atmosphere through the first vent portion is shorter than a second distance from the cavity to the ambient atmosphere through the second vent portion.
30. A system comprising:
the respiratory mask system of claim 22 ;
a flow generator configured to output a pressurized fluid; and
a conduit connected to the respiratory mask and the flow generator, the conduit transporting the pressurized fluid from the flow generator to the cavity.