Optical dielectric waveguide structure
An optical subassembly includes a planar dielectric waveguide structure that is deposited at temperatures below 400 C. The waveguide provides low film stress and low optical signal loss. Optical and electrical devices mounted onto the subassembly are aligned to planar optical waveguides using alignment marks and stops. Optical signals are delivered to the submount assembly via optical fibers. The dielectric stack structure used to fabricate the waveguide provides cavity walls that produce a cavity, within which optical, optoelectronic, and electronic devices can be mounted. The dielectric stack is deposited on an interconnect layer on a substrate, and the intermetal dielectric can contain thermally conductive dielectric layers to provide pathways for heat dissipation from heat generating optoelectronic devices such as lasers.
1. A waveguide comprising
a buffer layer comprising SiON on a substrate,
wherein a functionality of the substrate is susceptible to be degraded at temperatures greater than 400 C;
a repeated stack of two or more SiON layers on the buffer layer, wherein the two or more layers comprise at least two layers having different indexes of refraction,
wherein the waveguide comprising the buffer layer and the layers of the repeated stack are functionally formed at temperatures less than or equal to 400 C,
wherein the processes to completely form the waveguide are limited to temperatures less than or equal to 400 C.
2. A waveguide as in claim 1
wherein the buffer layer and the layers of the repeated stack function as a waveguide after being formed at temperatures less than or equal to 400 C.
3. A waveguide as in claim 1
wherein the substrate comprises a material or an element that has a property changed at temperatures greater than 400 C, or
wherein the substrate comprises an interconnect layer that is susceptible to be damaged at temperatures greater than 400 C.
4. A waveguide as in claim 1
wherein the substrate comprises a device fabricated thereon,
wherein the device or a connection element connected to the device is susceptible to be damaged at temperatures greater than 400 C.
5. A waveguide as in claim 1
wherein the buffer layer and the layers of the repeated stack comprise a stress having a magnitude less than or equal to 20 MPa.
6. A waveguide as in claim 1
wherein the buffer layer and the layers of the repeated stack comprise a stoichiometry of Si, O, and N to provide a stress having a magnitude less than or equal to 20 MPa.
7. A waveguide as in claim 6
wherein the stoichiometry is configured to provide an index of refraction between 1.45 and 2.15 or between 1.6 and 2.05.
8. A waveguide as in claim 1
wherein the buffer layer is thicker than or equal to 4 microns.
9. A waveguide as in claim 1
wherein the repeated stack comprises 3 to 20 repeated pairs of SiON layers.
10. A waveguide as in claim 1 further comprising at least one of
one or more SiON bottom spacer layers disposed on the buffer layer,
one or more SiON top spacer layers disposed on the repeated stack, or
a SiON top layer disposed on the repeated stack.
11. A waveguide as in claim 1
wherein the overall total thickness of the repeated stack is between 8 and 12 microns for a direct optical coupling with an optical fiber cable.
12. A waveguide comprising
a buffer layer comprising SiON on a substrate,
wherein a functionality of the substrate is susceptible to be degraded at temperatures greater than 400 C;
a repeated stack of two or more SiON layers on the buffer layer, wherein the two or more layers comprise at least two layers having different indexes of refraction, wherein the waveguide comprising the buffer layer and the layers of the repeated stack are functionally formed at temperatures less than or equal to 400 C;
at least one of
one or more SiON bottom spacer layers disposed on the buffer layer,
one or more SiON top spacer layers disposed on the repeated stack, or
a SiON top layer disposed on the repeated stack.
13. A waveguide as in claim 12
wherein the buffer layer and the layers of the repeated stack function as a waveguide after being formed at temperatures less than or equal to 400 C.
14. A waveguide as in claim 12
wherein the substrate comprises a material or an element that has a property changed at temperatures greater than 400 C, or
wherein the substrate comprises an interconnect layer that is susceptible to be damaged at temperatures greater than 400 C.
15. A waveguide as in claim 12
wherein the substrate comprises a device fabricated thereon,
wherein the device or a connection element connected to the device is susceptible to be damaged at temperatures greater than 400 C.
16. A waveguide as in claim 12
wherein the buffer layer and the layers of the repeated stack comprise a stress having a magnitude less than or equal to 20 MPa.
17. A waveguide as in claim 12
wherein the stoichiometry is configured to provide an index of refraction between 1.45 and 2.15 or between 1.6 and 2.05.
18. A waveguide as in claim 12
wherein the buffer layer is thicker than or equal to 4 microns.
19. A waveguide as in claim 12
wherein the repeated stack comprises 3 to 20 repeated pairs of SiON layers.
20. A waveguide as in claim 12
wherein the overall total thickness of the repeated stack is between 8 and 12 microns for a direct optical coupling with an optical fiber cable.