Nitrosamine decomposition
The disclosure provides methods and systems for decreasing nitrosamine content, e.g., in the context of non-aqueous solvent systems. It includes a method including receiving a non-aqueous solvent system and contacting the non-aqueous solvent system with a composition including one or more alkoxides to give a treated solvent system having a nitrosamine content that is lower than the starting nitrosamine content. Similarly, it includes a system including a first unit configured to remove undesirable components from a gas stream; a second unit holding a composition including one or more alkoxides, and a conduit to connect these units.
1. A method of decreasing nitrosamine content, comprising:
receiving a non-aqueous solvent system having a first nitrosamine content; and
contacting the non-aqueous solvent system with a composition comprising one or more alkoxides to give a treated solvent system having a second nitrosamine content that is lower than the first nitrosamine content.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-aqueous solvent system is a solvent system for acid gas removal from a gas stream.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the non-aqueous solvent system is a solvent system for acid gas removal from a flue gas stream, a nitric acid plant stream, or an adipic acid plant stream.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-aqueous solvent system is an amine-based solvent system.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more alkoxides have pKa values of about 14.5 or greater.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the one or more alkoxides have pKa values of about 14.5 to about 18.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more alkoxides are selected from the group consisting of methoxides, ethoxides, propoxides, butoxides, pentoxides, hexanoxides, and combinations thereof.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more alkoxides are alkali salts.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more alkoxides comprise sodium methoxide, sodium isopropoxide, or potassium tert-butoxide.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is a liquid composition.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the composition comprises the one or more alkoxides and one or more solvents, wherein the one or more solvents comprise alcohols, polyethylene glycol dialkyl ethers, and combinations thereof.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein no heat is intentionally applied during the contacting.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying heat during the contacting.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second nitrosamine content is about 10 ppm or less.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the second nitrosamine content is about 1 ppm or less.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second nitrosamine content is about 100 ppb or less.
17. The method of claim 1 , further comprising drying the solvent system before the contacting.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the drying comprises desiccation, distillation, or a combination thereof.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the desiccation employs a drying agent selected from the group consisting of molecular sieves, silica, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, or a combination thereof.
20. The method of claim 1 , further comprising calculating a minimum amount of the one or more alkoxides to be used based on the first nitrosamine content and a content of water present in the solvent system.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the calculated minimum amount of the one or more alkoxides is an amount stoichiometrically equal to a sum of moles of nitrosamine and water present in the solvent system.
22. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent system is present in a first unit of a gas treatment system and wherein the method further comprises directing the solvent system to a second unit of the gas treatment system, wherein the contacting is conducted in the second unit.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the directing the solvent system further comprises passing the solvent system through a drying unit to remove water before the contacting.
24. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting is conducted at pre-determined values of first nitrosamine content.
25. The method of claim 24 , wherein the contacting is conducted whenever the first nitrosamine content is about 4% by weight.
26. The method of claim 24 , wherein the contacting is conducted whenever the first nitrosamine content is about 3% by weight.
27. A method of treating a gas stream to remove acid gases therefrom, comprising:
bringing the gas stream into contact with a non-aqueous solvent system,
wherein the bringing results in removal of acid gases from the gas stream and formation of nitrosamines within the non-aqueous solvent system such that the non-aqueous solvent system has a first nitrosamine content; and
contacting the non-aqueous solvent system with a composition comprising one or more alkoxides to give a treated solvent system having a second nitrosamine content that is lower than the first nitrosamine content.